测试AI对欧洲议会选举的政党评分，发现ChatGPT明显偏左
Who Would Chatbots Vote For? Political Preferences of ChatGPT and Gemini in the 2024 European Union Elections
- 用统一提问每日采集ChatGPT和Gemini评分
- ChatGPT倾向给左翼和中间派高分，右翼最低
- 适合关注AI政治偏见的研究者与政策制定者
本研究考察了大型语言模型驱动聊天机器人（ChatGPT与Gemini）在2024年欧洲议会选举中的政治倾向。研究聚焦于欧盟27个成员国中欧洲议会代表政党的评估。通过标准化提示每日采集两个平台数据，结果显示：Gemini大多拒绝回答政治问题，而ChatGPT持续提供评分。分析表明，ChatGPT对左翼及中间派政党存在显著偏好，其中绿党/欧洲自由联盟得分最高；右翼政党，尤其是身份与民主党团，得分最低。影响评分的关键因素包括对欧洲一体化的态度及对民主价值的认知。研究强调需以批判性态度对待生成式AI在政治语境下的信息输出，并呼吁提升透明度与监管。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This study examines the political bias of chatbots powered by large language models, namely ChatGPT and Gemini, in the context of the 2024 European Parliament elections. The research focused on the evaluation of political parties represented in the European Parliament across 27 EU Member States by these generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The methodology involved daily data collection through standardized prompts on both platforms. The results revealed a stark contrast: while Gemini mostly refused to answer political questions, ChatGPT provided consistent ratings. The analysis showed a significant bias in ChatGPT in favor of left-wing and centrist parties, with the highest ratings for the Greens/European Free Alliance. In contrast, right-wing parties, particularly the Identity and Democracy group, received the lowest ratings. The study identified key factors influencing the ratings, including attitudes toward European integration and perceptions of democratic values. The findings highlight the need for a critical approach to information provided by generative AI systems in a political context and call for more transparency and regulation in this area.
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