提出五种新解释空间,让时序模型更易懂。
Explanation Space: A New Perspective into Time Series Interpretability
- 将时序模型解释从时域拓展到频域等五类新空间。
- 无需修改模型或解释方法,可直接接入现有平台。
- 适合需解释时序预测结果的医疗、金融等场景。
深度学习模型的人类可理解解释对诸多关键敏感应用至关重要。与图像或表格数据不同,时序数据中可区分特征(如主导频率)难以在时域直观呈现。此外,多数解释方法依赖基准值来表示特征缺失,但时序数据缺乏类似视觉任务中黑色像素或表格数据中零/均值的明确缺失定义。尽管已有可解释AI方法被应用于时序领域,这些差异仍限制了其实际应用。本文提出一种简单而有效的方法,使原本在时域训练的模型可通过现有方法在其他解释空间中进行解释。我们建议五种解释空间,每种均可缓解特定类型时序数据中的解释难题。该方法可轻松集成至现有平台,无需修改已训练模型或解释方法。代码将在论文接受后发布。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Human understandable explanation of deep learning models is essential for various critical and sensitive applications. Unlike image or tabular data where the importance of each input feature (for the classifier's decision) can be directly projected into the input, time series distinguishable features (e.g. dominant frequency) are often hard to manifest in time domain for a user to easily understand. Additionally, most explanation methods require a baseline value as an indication of the absence of any feature. However, the notion of lack of feature, which is often defined as black pixels for vision tasks or zero/mean values for tabular data, is not well-defined in time series. Despite the adoption of explainable AI methods (XAI) from tabular and vision domain into time series domain, these differences limit the application of these XAI methods in practice. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective method that allows a model originally trained on the time domain to be interpreted in other explanation spaces using existing methods. We suggest five explanation spaces, each of which can potentially alleviate these issues in certain types of time series. Our method can be easily integrated into existing platforms without any changes to trained models or XAI methods. The code will be released upon acceptance.
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