用梯度更新与量子退火结合,提升大规模组合优化求解速度与质量。
Optimization by Parallel Quasi-Quantum Annealing with Gradient-Based Sampling

- 通过连续松弛的梯度更新与拟量子退火结合,平滑过渡目标函数。
- 在多个基准问题上性能媲美iSCO和学习型求解器,大尺度实例更优。
- 利用GPU并行通信加速搜索,适合大规模优化任务的高效求解。
基于学习的方法因其能自动学习问题特定启发式而受到关注,减少了对手工设计启发式的依赖。然而,这些方法常面临可扩展性挑战。为解决此问题,改进的组合优化采样算法(iSCO)利用离散Langevin动力学,表现优于多种学习型求解器。本文提出一种新方法:将梯度更新通过连续松弛与拟量子退火(QQA)结合。QQA从一个简单凸函数开始,其最小值位于半整数值处,逐步平滑过渡至原始目标函数,此时松弛变量仅在离散空间中取最小值。此外,我们引入基于GPU的并行运行通信机制,增强探索能力并加速收敛。数值实验表明,该方法是具有竞争力的通用求解器,在各类基准问题上性能可与iSCO及学习型求解器比肩。尤其在大规模实例中,其速度-质量权衡优于iSCO、学习型求解器、商业求解器及专用算法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Learning-based methods have gained attention as general-purpose solvers due to their ability to automatically learn problem-specific heuristics, reducing the need for manually crafted heuristics. However, these methods often face scalability challenges. To address these issues, the improved Sampling algorithm for Combinatorial Optimization (iSCO), using discrete Langevin dynamics, has been proposed, demonstrating better performance than several learning-based solvers. This study proposes a different approach that integrates gradient-based update through continuous relaxation, combined with Quasi-Quantum Annealing (QQA). QQA smoothly transitions the objective function, starting from a simple convex function, minimized at half-integral values, to the original objective function, where the relaxed variables are minimized only in the discrete space. Furthermore, we incorporate parallel run communication leveraging GPUs to enhance exploration capabilities and accelerate convergence. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our method is a competitive general-purpose solver, achieving performance comparable to iSCO and learning-based solvers across various benchmark problems. Notably, our method exhibits superior speed-quality trade-offs for large-scale instances compared to iSCO, learning-based solvers, commercial solvers, and specialized algorithms.
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