补全AI法案的气候透明度短板，推动能源与碳排放公开
AI, Climate, and Transparency: Operationalizing and Improving the AI Act
- 将推理阶段能耗纳入监管范围，弥补原法案漏洞
- 建议采用服务器级累计能耗报告，提升数据可比性
- 适合政策制定者与环保型AI开发者参考
本文批判性审视欧盟《人工智能法案》中关于气候透明度的规定，指出其实施中的显著缺陷：未涵盖AI推理过程中的能源消耗，缺乏对AI应用间接温室气体排放的覆盖，且无统一报告方法。论文提出新解释，将推理能耗重新纳入法案范畴，并主张公众应能获取气候相关披露信息，以促进市场问责与社会监督。推荐采用累计服务器级能耗报告作为最适方法。同时建议推行可持续性风险评估及可再生能源目标等更广泛政策调整，以更好应对AI的环境影响。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper critically examines the AI Act's provisions on climate-related transparency, highlighting significant gaps and challenges in its implementation. We identify key shortcomings, including the exclusion of energy consumption during AI inference, the lack of coverage for indirect greenhouse gas emissions from AI applications, and the lack of standard reporting methodology. The paper proposes a novel interpretation to bring inference-related energy use back within the Act's scope and advocates for public access to climate-related disclosures to foster market accountability and public scrutiny. Cumulative server level energy reporting is recommended as the most suitable method. We also suggests broader policy changes, including sustainability risk assessments and renewable energy targets, to better address AI's environmental impact.
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