arXiv:2409.09573cs.ROcs.MA2024-09ICRA被引 10

提出一种去中心化多智能体控制算法,兼顾安全与可扩展性。

Decentralized Safe and Scalable Multi-Agent Control under Limited Actuation

  • 用神经网络学习积分屏障函数,实现输入受限下的可扩展控制。
  • 融合轻量MPC-ICBF模块,确保1000个智能体同时运行时仍安全可控。
  • 基于梯度优化化解局部死锁,适合复杂场景下大规模部署。

为在密集环境中部署安全敏捷的机器人,亟需开发完全去中心化的控制器,以保障安全性、满足执行器限制、避免死锁,并支持数千个智能体的扩展。现有方法难以同时满足所有目标:基于优化的方法虽保证安全但缺乏可扩展性,而基于学习的方法虽可扩展却无法保证安全。本文提出一种新算法,实现有限执行器条件下多智能体的安全可扩展控制。具体包括:(i) 学习去中心化的神经积分屏障函数(neural ICBF),实现输入约束下的可扩展控制;(ii) 将轻量级基于模型预测控制的积分屏障函数(MPC-ICBF)嵌入神经网络策略中,确保安全且保持可扩展性;(iii) 提出一种基于机器学习梯度优化的新方法,解决死锁中的局部极小问题。数值仿真表明,该方法在安全性、输入约束满足率及死锁最小化方面优于当前最优多智能体控制算法。此外,在不同智能体数量的场景中均表现出强泛化能力,可扩展至1000个智能体。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

To deploy safe and agile robots in cluttered environments, there is a need to develop fully decentralized controllers that guarantee safety, respect actuation limits, prevent deadlocks, and scale to thousands of agents. Current approaches fall short of meeting all these goals: optimization-based methods ensure safety but lack scalability, while learning-based methods scale but do not guarantee safety. We propose a novel algorithm to achieve safe and scalable control for multiple agents under limited actuation. Specifically, our approach includes: $(i)$ learning a decentralized neural Integral Control Barrier function (neural ICBF) for scalable, input-constrained control, $(ii)$ embedding a lightweight decentralized Model Predictive Control-based Integral Control Barrier Function (MPC-ICBF) into the neural network policy to ensure safety while maintaining scalability, and $(iii)$ introducing a novel method to minimize deadlocks based on gradient-based optimization techniques from machine learning to address local minima in deadlocks. Our numerical simulations show that this approach outperforms state-of-the-art multi-agent control algorithms in terms of safety, input constraint satisfaction, and minimizing deadlocks. Additionally, we demonstrate strong generalization across scenarios with varying agent counts, scaling up to 1000 agents.

多智能体安全控制去中心化神经屏障

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。