让软体机器人嵌入可拉伸的微型计算机,实现真正自主计算。
Stretchable Arduinos embedded in soft robots

- 将复杂双层电路转化为柔性可拉伸形态,无需简化设计。
- 成功嵌入超过300%应变的可拉伸Arduino,实现在软体机器人中运行。
- 适合需要高灵活性与内置计算能力的软体机器人研究者。
为实现真实世界功能,机器人需具备决策计算能力。然而,软体机器人在形变时会拉伸,传统刚性计算机无法适用。现有方法包括附加刚性电路板、集成柔性逻辑门或利用材料响应进行嵌入式计算,但存在刚性、线缆束缚或逻辑门密度低等局限。伸展电子学虽致力于解决此问题,但尚未实现单板计算机、微控制器等复杂电路的直接集成。本文提出一种通用方法,可将任意复杂双层电路转化为柔软可拉伸形式,从而实现了可拉伸单板微控制器(包括Arduino)及Sparkfun等商用电路的无简化集成。通过多个软体机器人的演示,将可拉伸>300%应变的Arduino Pro Mini嵌入其本体,使原本无功能的结构材料具备计算能力,兑现了伸展电子学在主动使用中集成先进计算单元的承诺。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
To achieve real-world functionality, robots must have the ability to carry out decision-making computations. However, soft robots stretch and therefore need a solution other than rigid computers. Examples of embedding computing capacity into soft robots currently include appending rigid printed circuit boards (PCBs) to the robot, integrating soft logic gates, and exploiting material responses for material-embedded computation. Although promising, these approaches introduce limitations such as rigidity, tethers, or low logic gate density. The field of stretchable electronics has sought to solve these challenges, but a complete pipeline for direct integration of single-board computers, microcontrollers, and other complex circuitry into soft robots has remained elusive. We present a generalized method to translate any complex two-layer circuit into a soft, stretchable form. This enabled the creation of stretchable single-board microcontrollers (including Arduinos) and other commercial circuits (including Sparkfun circuits), without design simplifications. As demonstrations of the method's utility, we embed highly stretchable (>300% strain) Arduino Pro Minis into the bodies of multiple soft robots. This makes use of otherwise inert structural material, fulfilling the promise of the stretchable electronics field to integrate state-of-the-art computational power into robust, stretchable systems during active use.
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