arXiv:2409.11119eess.IVcs.CV2024-09被引 1

提出多队列注意力框架,提升病理切片跨癌种分类泛化能力。

Multi-Cohort Framework with Cohort-Aware Attention and Adversarial Mutual-Information Minimization for Whole Slide Image Classification

  • 设计队列感知注意力,捕捉共性与特异性病理特征。
  • 通过对抗性互信息最小化,减少队列偏差影响。
  • 采用分层采样平衡策略,缓解数据不均衡问题。

全幻灯片图像(WSIs)在临床应用中至关重要,尤其在组织病理学分析方面。然而,当前深度学习方法大多局限于单一肿瘤类型,限制了模型的泛化与可扩展性。这种局限源于病理学固有的异质性以及不同肿瘤在形态和分子特征上的多样性。为此,我们提出一种新型多队列全幻灯片图像分析方法,旨在利用多种肿瘤类型的多样性。引入队列感知注意力模块,以捕捉共享与肿瘤特异性病理模式,增强跨肿瘤泛化能力;构建对抗性队列正则化机制,通过互信息最小化减少队列特异性偏差;同时设计分层样本平衡策略,缓解队列间数据不平衡,促进无偏学习。上述组件共同构成一个连贯的无偏多队列WSI分析框架。在自建多癌种数据集上的大量实验表明,该方法显著提升了泛化性能,为跨多种癌症类型的WSI分类提供了可扩展解决方案。实验代码已公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Whole Slide Images (WSIs) are critical for various clinical applications, including histopathological analysis. However, current deep learning approaches in this field predominantly focus on individual tumor types, limiting model generalization and scalability. This relatively narrow focus ultimately stems from the inherent heterogeneity in histopathology and the diverse morphological and molecular characteristics of different tumors. To this end, we propose a novel approach for multi-cohort WSI analysis, designed to leverage the diversity of different tumor types. We introduce a Cohort-Aware Attention module, enabling the capture of both shared and tumor-specific pathological patterns, enhancing cross-tumor generalization. Furthermore, we construct an adversarial cohort regularization mechanism to minimize cohort-specific biases through mutual information minimization. Additionally, we develop a hierarchical sample balancing strategy to mitigate cohort imbalances and promote unbiased learning. Together, these form a cohesive framework for unbiased multi-cohort WSI analysis. Extensive experiments on a uniquely constructed multi-cancer dataset demonstrate significant improvements in generalization, providing a scalable solution for WSI classification across diverse cancer types. Our code for the experiments is publicly available at <link>.

病理图像多队列注意力机制泛化

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