用无人机上的智能表面实现静止雷达的高分辨率成像
Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Empowered Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging
- 用移动无人机携带可调智能表面，构建虚拟雷达孔径
- 通过优化反射系数提升信噪比，实现更清晰成像
- 适合雷达系统小型化与低功耗场景应用
合成孔径雷达（SAR）利用天线运动实现高分辨率成像。本文研究在无人飞行器（UAV）上搭载主动可重构智能表面（ARIS）的静止雷达系统实现SAR成像的可行性。当UAV沿固定轨迹飞行时，ARIS不仅能建立高质量的视距（LoS）传播路径，其移动性还可有效形成更大的虚拟孔径，从而实现SAR成像。本文首先提出一种距离-多普勒（RD）成像算法获得成像结果；为进一步提升性能，针对静止雷达接收端信噪比（SNR）最大化问题，在ARIS最大功率和放大因子约束下，设计基于分数规划（FP）与主要化最小化（MM）的优化算法求解非凸问题。仿真结果验证了ARIS辅助SAR成像的有效性及所提算法的优越性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) utilizes the movement of the radar antenna over a specific area of interest to achieve higher spatial resolution imaging. In this paper, we aim to investigate the realization of SAR imaging for a stationary radar system with the assistance of active reconfigurable intelligent surface (ARIS) mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). As the UAV moves along the stationary trajectory, the ARIS can not only build a high-quality virtual line-of-sight (LoS) propagation path, but its mobility can also effectively create a much larger virtual aperture, which can be utilized to realize a SAR system. In this paper, we first present a range-Doppler (RD) imaging algorithm to obtain imaging results for the proposed ARIS-empowered SAR system. Then, to further improve the SAR imaging performance, we attempt to optimize the reflection coefficients of ARIS to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the stationary radar receiver under the constraints of ARIS maximum power and amplification factor. An effective algorithm based on fractional programming (FP) and majorization minimization (MM) methods is developed to solve the resulting non-convex problem. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of ARIS-assisted SAR imaging and our proposed RD imaging and ARIS optimization algorithms.
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