提出一种不丢数据且高效的图池化方法,显著降低计算开销。
Edge-Based Graph Component Pooling
- 基于边的节点合并机制,避免信息丢失
- 在4个数据集上优于基线,计算量降70.6%
- 适合大稀疏图任务,参数量减少60.9%
图结构数据广泛存在于化学、社会学等领域。几何深度学习可利用其中的关联信息建模图属性。图神经网络通过消息传递层在图中传播局部特征,但处理大规模稀疏图时计算成本高。图池化操作可通过删除或合并节点降低计算负担。现有方法中,删节点导致信息损失,合节点又常计算昂贵。本文提出一种新池化算子,通过合并节点实现无损压缩,兼具概念简洁与计算高效。实验表明,在四个主流基准数据集上,该方法显著优于Edge Pool,平均时间复杂度和可训练参数量分别降低70.6%。相比最强模型Graph Isomorphism Network(GIN),在两个数据集上表现更优,平均参数量减少60.9%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Graph-structured data naturally occurs in many research fields, such as chemistry and sociology. The relational information contained therein can be leveraged to statistically model graph properties through geometrical deep learning. Graph neural networks employ techniques, such as message-passing layers, to propagate local features through a graph. However, message-passing layers can be computationally expensive when dealing with large and sparse graphs. Graph pooling operators offer the possibility of removing or merging nodes in such graphs, thus lowering computational costs. However, pooling operators that remove nodes cause data loss, and pooling operators that merge nodes are often computationally expensive. We propose a pooling operator that merges nodes so as not to cause data loss but is also conceptually simple and computationally inexpensive. We empirically demonstrate that the proposed pooling operator performs statistically significantly better than edge pool on four popular benchmark datasets while reducing time complexity and the number of trainable parameters by 70.6% on average. Compared to another maximally powerful method named Graph Isomporhic Network, we show that we outperform them on two popular benchmark datasets while reducing the number of learnable parameters on average by 60.9%.
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