arXiv:2409.12089cs.LG2024-09被引 3

元素排序影响语言模型代理表现,像素环境需合理排序才能提升任务完成率。

The Impact of Element Ordering on LM Agent Performance

  • 通过对比不同元素排序方式,发现顺序对代理性能影响显著。
  • 在仅能处理像素的环境下,新方法使任务完成率提升超2倍。
  • 适合研究视觉导航、界面理解与语言模型交互的开发者参考。

近年来,语言模型代理在网页或桌面等虚拟环境中的应用日益增多。为有效导航,代理需获取界面元素(如按钮、文本、图像)信息。然而,在仅提供像素表示的环境中,哪些元素属性对性能影响最大仍不明确。本研究发现,元素呈现顺序的影响出人意料:随机化网页元素顺序导致代理性能下降,相当于移除所有可见文本。尽管网页本身具有层次化结构,但直接从像素解析时缺乏此结构。随着任务难度增加和模型复杂度提高,顺序影响进一步放大。我们探索了多种排序方法,发现降维技术可有效生成像素环境下的合理排序。训练了用户界面元素检测模型以从像素中提取元素,并应用于仅依赖像素的基准测试集OmniACT。结果显示,该方法平均任务完成率超过此前最优方法的两倍。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

There has been a surge of interest in language model agents that can navigate virtual environments such as the web or desktop. To navigate such environments, agents benefit from information on the various elements (e.g., buttons, text, or images) present. It remains unclear which element attributes have the greatest impact on agent performance, especially in environments that only provide a graphical representation (i.e., pixels). Here we find that the ordering in which elements are presented to the language model is surprisingly impactful--randomizing element ordering in a webpage degrades agent performance comparably to removing all visible text from an agent's state representation. While a webpage provides a hierarchical ordering of elements, there is no such ordering when parsing elements directly from pixels. Moreover, as tasks become more challenging and models more sophisticated, our experiments suggest that the impact of ordering increases. Finding an effective ordering is non-trivial. We investigate the impact of various element ordering methods in web and desktop environments. We find that dimensionality reduction provides a viable ordering for pixel-only environments. We train a UI element detection model to derive elements from pixels and apply our findings to an agent benchmark--OmniACT--where we only have access to pixels. Our method completes more than two times as many tasks on average relative to the previous state-of-the-art.

语言模型代理界面理解像素导航排序策略

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