arXiv:2409.12882cs.CRcs.DC2024-09被引 5

在拜占庭攻击下,多智能体策略评估无法达成一致,提出容忍攻击的算法。

On the Hardness of Decentralized Multi-Agent Policy Evaluation under Byzantine Attacks

  • 针对异构奖励下的拜占庭攻击,设计抗干扰评估机制
  • 证明任何算法都无法保证超过 |N|−f 个正常智能体被正确加权
  • 提出新算法,在标量函数逼近下可实现渐近共识,适合鲁棒多智能体系统

本文研究存在最多 f 个故障智能体的完全去中心化多智能体策略评估问题,聚焦于模型投毒场景下的拜占庭故障模型。在合作多智能体强化学习中,系统总奖励通常建模为各智能体奖励的均匀平均值。理想情况下,智能体需达成共识并收敛到正常智能体奖励的统一平均值。然而,我们证明该目标不可达。因此,考虑放宽目标:评估一个适当加权的正常智能体奖励均值。进一步证明,不存在能保证正权重总数超过 |N|−f(|N| 为正常智能体数量)的正确算法。为此,提出一种拜占庭容错的去中心化时序差分算法,在标量函数逼近下可保证渐近一致性,并通过实验验证其有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In this paper, we study a fully-decentralized multi-agent policy evaluation problem, which is an important sub-problem in cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning, in the presence of up to $f$ faulty agents. In particular, we focus on the so-called Byzantine faulty model with model poisoning setting. In general, policy evaluation is to evaluate the value function of any given policy. In cooperative multi-agent system, the system-wide rewards are usually modeled as the uniform average of rewards from all agents. We investigate the multi-agent policy evaluation problem in the presence of Byzantine agents, particularly in the setting of heterogeneous local rewards. Ideally, the goal of the agents is to evaluate the accumulated system-wide rewards, which are uniform average of rewards of the normal agents for a given policy. It means that all agents agree upon common values (the consensus part) and furthermore, the consensus values are the value functions (the convergence part). However, we prove that this goal is not achievable. Instead, we consider a relaxed version of the problem, where the goal of the agents is to evaluate accumulated system-wide reward, which is an appropriately weighted average reward of the normal agents. We further prove that there is no correct algorithm that can guarantee that the total number of positive weights exceeds $|\mathcal{N}|-f $, where $|\mathcal{N}|$ is the number of normal agents. Towards the end, we propose a Byzantine-tolerant decentralized temporal difference algorithm that can guarantee asymptotic consensus under scalar function approximation. We then empirically test the effective of the proposed algorithm.

多智能体拜占庭攻击策略评估去中心化

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