arXiv:2409.13058cs.HCcs.RO2024-09被引 1

远程专家通过混合现实操控新手完成腹部超声,754公里外仍可高质量成像。

Mixed Reality Tele-Ultrasound over 750 km: A Feasibility Study

  • 专家远程操控新手,用混合现实与力反馈实现远距离超声操作。
  • 92%图像质量达标,新手任务负荷低于文献参考值。
  • 适合偏远地区医疗支援,尤其适用于缺乏专业超声师的场景。

为解决偏远地区超声检查资源匮乏问题,本文改进了基于混合现实与力反馈的人类遥操作超声系统。该系统中,新手作为认知机器人,由远程专家通过混合现实进行操控。为提供简洁有效的力反馈,采用椭球体患者模型,并利用系统的位置与力传感器校准参数。实验在加拿大海达瓜伊群岛斯基德盖特进行,专家位于距754公里外的温哥华。共完成11次扫描,参与人员包括10名新手和2名超声技师。技师需获取上腹部区域5个目标图像,由两名放射科医生评估图像质量。同时收集对齐数据,新手完成任务负荷与可用性问卷。所有参与者均提供书面及口头反馈。结果显示,92%的图像被两名放射科医生认定为足够用于诊断;新手平均任务负荷低于文献参考值,可用性评价一致积极。图像质量与跟随者对齐误差之间无显著相关性。研究证明,即使在长距离且操作者为新手的情况下,人类遥操作仍可实现高性能远程腹部超声成像。未来工作将对比该方法与传统、机器人及远程指导式超声。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

To address the lack of access to ultrasound in remote communities, previous work introduced human teleoperation, a mixed reality and haptics-based tele-ultrasound system. In this approach, a novice takes the role of a cognitive robot controlled remotely by an expert through mixed reality. In this manuscript we summarize new developments to this system and describe a feasibility study assessing its use for long-distance remote abdominal ultrasound examinations. To provide simple but effective haptic feedback, we used an ellipsoid model of the patient with its parameters calibrated using our system's position and force sensors. We tested the system in Skidegate, Haida Gwaii, Canada, with the experts positioned 754 km away in Vancouver, Canada. We performed 11 total scans with 10 novices and 2 sonographers. The sonographers were tasked with acquiring 5 target images in the epigastric region. The image acquisition quality was assessed by 2 radiologists. We collected alignment data and the novices completed task load and usability questionnaires. Both the novices and sonographers provided written and verbal feedback to inform future design iterations. 92% of the acquired images had sufficient quality for interpretation by both radiologists. The mean task load reported by the novices was below reference values reported in literature and the usability was unanimously positive. No correlation was found between image quality and the follower's alignment error with the virtual transducer. Overall, we show that human teleoperation enables sonographers to perform remote abdominal ultrasound imaging with high performance, even across large distances and with novice followers. Future work will compare human teleoperation to conventional, robotic and tele-mentored ultrasound.

远程医疗超声成像混合现实人机协同

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