推动拉美加勒比地区用本土化AI提升防疫能力，促进全球健康公平
Democratising Artificial Intelligence for Pandemic Preparedness and Global Governance in Latin American and Caribbean Countries
- 构建16国联动的南半球疫情应对AI网络，以本地需求驱动技术应用
- 聚焦低收入国家，提升传染病预防、监测与响应的智能化水平
- 强调负责任AI治理，适合关注公共卫生与数字公平的研究者参考
传染病是导致流行病和大流行的主要原因，当前在预测疫情爆发、检测病毒变异、接触者追踪、新药研发及对抗错误信息方面仍面临诸多挑战。人工智能（AI）在抗击新冠疫情期间展现出显著成效，正逐步融入社会各领域。然而，确保AI成果公平共享并负责任地使用至关重要。尽管多国已出台监管政策，但因AI具有无国界特性，亟需全球协作建立统一规范。为此，全球南方疫情与传染病准备及响应人工智能网络（AI4PEP）启动一项涵盖16个全球南方国家的16项计划，致力于通过南方主导的负责任AI方案，强化公平且高效的公共卫生体系，提升对新发和再发传染病的预防、准备与响应能力。本文介绍该网络在拉丁美洲及加勒比地区（LAC）的布局，并结合生物技术背景探讨该地区的AI治理。该网络在低收入和中等收入国家具有巨大潜力，为广泛应用AI技术改善社区健康福祉创造了机遇。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Infectious diseases, transmitted directly or indirectly, are among the leading causes of epidemics and pandemics. Consequently, several open challenges exist in predicting epidemic outbreaks, detecting variants, tracing contacts, discovering new drugs, and fighting misinformation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can provide tools to deal with these scenarios, demonstrating promising results in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. AI is becoming increasingly integrated into various aspects of society. However, ensuring that AI benefits are distributed equitably and that they are used responsibly is crucial. Multiple countries are creating regulations to address these concerns, but the borderless nature of AI requires global cooperation to define regulatory and guideline consensus. Considering this, The Global South AI for Pandemic & Epidemic Preparedness & Response Network (AI4PEP) has developed an initiative comprising 16 projects across 16 countries in the Global South, seeking to strengthen equitable and responsive public health systems that leverage Southern-led responsible AI solutions to improve prevention, preparedness, and response to emerging and re-emerging infectious disease outbreaks. This opinion introduces our branches in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries and discusses AI governance in LAC in the light of biotechnology. Our network in LAC has high potential to help fight infectious diseases, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, generating opportunities for the widespread use of AI techniques to improve the health and well-being of their communities.
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