用大模型+知识蒸馏,让推荐系统又准又快。
Pre-trained Language Model and Knowledge Distillation for Lightweight Sequential Recommendation
- 先微调大语言模型,再蒸馏成轻量模型
- 在多个数据集上准确率提升,推理速度更快
- 适合对实时性要求高的推荐场景
序列化推荐模型基于用户历史行为预测兴趣以提供个性化推荐。以往的序列推荐算法主要采用神经网络提取用户兴趣特征,表现良好。但由于推荐数据集稀疏,这些算法通常使用小规模网络结构,泛化能力较弱。近年来,一系列基于大规模预训练语言模型的序列推荐算法被提出。然而,鉴于推荐系统对实时性的要求,如何在实际场景中应用预训练语言模型实现快速推荐仍是挑战。为此,我们提出一种基于预训练语言模型与知识蒸馏的序列推荐算法。其核心在于跨领域迁移预训练知识,并通过知识蒸馏实现轻量化推理。算法分为两个阶段:第一阶段,在推荐数据集上微调预训练语言模型,将预训练知识迁移到推荐任务;第二阶段,将训练好的语言模型蒸馏到一个轻量级模型中,实现知识转移。在多个公开推荐数据集上的大量实验表明,所提算法提升了推荐准确率,并支持及时推荐服务。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Sequential recommendation models user interests based on historical behaviors to provide personalized recommendation. Previous sequential recommendation algorithms primarily employ neural networks to extract features of user interests, achieving good performance. However, due to the recommendation system datasets sparsity, these algorithms often employ small-scale network frameworks, resulting in weaker generalization capability. Recently, a series of sequential recommendation algorithms based on large pre-trained language models have been proposed. Nonetheless, given the real-time demands of recommendation systems, the challenge remains in applying pre-trained language models for rapid recommendations in real scenarios. To address this, we propose a sequential recommendation algorithm based on a pre-trained language model and knowledge distillation. The key of proposed algorithm is to transfer pre-trained knowledge across domains and achieve lightweight inference by knowledge distillation. The algorithm operates in two stages: in the first stage, we fine-tune the pre-trained language model on the recommendation dataset to transfer the pre-trained knowledge to the recommendation task; in the second stage, we distill the trained language model to transfer the learned knowledge to a lightweight model. Extensive experiments on multiple public recommendation datasets show that the proposed algorithm enhances recommendation accuracy and provide timely recommendation services.
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