arXiv:2409.14955cs.RO2024-09ICRA被引 9

用SDF加速机器人避障,实时性提升五倍。

Efficient Collision Detection Framework for Enhancing Collision-Free Robot Motion

  • 基于机器人SDF与并行轻量网络,快速近似距离场。
  • 融合自碰撞检测模块,实现统一的可微分避障计算。
  • 在Franka机械臂上实现实时动态障碍物规避。

快速高效的碰撞检测对机器人运动规划至关重要。本文提出一种基于机器人符号距离场(SDF)的高效碰撞检测框架,无缝集成自碰撞检测模块,称为SDF-SC框架。首先,通过正运动学分解机器人的SDF,利用多个极轻量级网络并行逼近。此外,引入支持向量机将自碰撞检测模块融入框架,采用统计特征统一表示SDF与自碰撞的距离信息。在此过程中,保持框架的可微分特性,用于优化无碰撞机器人轨迹。最后,基于该框架开发了反应式运动控制器,实现对多个动态障碍物的实时避让。在保持高精度的同时,推理速度较之前方法提升至五倍以上。在Franka机械臂上的实验验证了方法的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Fast and efficient collision detection is essential for motion generation in robotics. In this paper, we propose an efficient collision detection framework based on the Signed Distance Field (SDF) of robots, seamlessly integrated with a self-collision detection module. Firstly, we decompose the robot's SDF using forward kinematics and leverage multiple extremely lightweight networks in parallel to efficiently approximate the SDF. Moreover, we introduce support vector machines to integrate the self-collision detection module into the framework, which we refer to as the SDF-SC framework. Using statistical features, our approach unifies the representation of collision distance for both SDF and self-collision detection. During this process, we maintain and utilize the differentiable properties of the framework to optimize collision-free robot trajectories. Finally, we develop a reactive motion controller based on our framework, enabling real-time avoidance of multiple dynamic obstacles. While maintaining high accuracy, our framework achieves inference speeds up to five times faster than previous methods. Experimental results on the Franka robotic arm demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

机器人避障SDF实时控制运动规划

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