用语言模型自动提取问题特征,智能选最优求解方案。
Automatic Feature Learning for Essence: a Case Study on Car Sequencing
- 用语言模型从高阶描述中自动提取问题特征
- 在汽车排产问题上提升求解组合选择准确率
- 适合做约束求解优化的算法研究者
约束建模语言如 Essence 允许以高层方式描述组合问题,无需预先决定具体求解器或求解范式。给定 Essence 中的问题描述,存在多种低层约束模型的转换方式。选择合适的低层模型与目标求解器组合会显著影响求解效率。此外,最佳组合可能因实例而异,不存在对所有实例都最优的通用组合。本文研究如何构建机器学习模型,自动为问题实例选择最佳组合。学习过程的关键在于定义实例特征,作为选择模型的输入。本文贡献在于:使用语言模型直接从问题实例的高层表示中自动学习实例特征。我们在采用 Essence 建模语言的汽车排产问题案例研究中评估了该方法的性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Constraint modelling languages such as Essence offer a means to describe combinatorial problems at a high-level, i.e., without committing to detailed modelling decisions for a particular solver or solving paradigm. Given a problem description written in Essence, there are multiple ways to translate it to a low-level constraint model. Choosing the right combination of a low-level constraint model and a target constraint solver can have significant impact on the effectiveness of the solving process. Furthermore, the choice of the best combination of constraint model and solver can be instance-dependent, i.e., there may not exist a single combination that works best for all instances of the same problem. In this paper, we consider the task of building machine learning models to automatically select the best combination for a problem instance. A critical part of the learning process is to define instance features, which serve as input to the selection model. Our contribution is automatic learning of instance features directly from the high-level representation of a problem instance using a language model. We evaluate the performance of our approach using the Essence modelling language with a case study involving the car sequencing problem.
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