软夹爪集成光学触觉手掌,实现稳定精准抓取与放置。
TacPalm: A Soft Gripper with a Biomimetic Optical Tactile Palm for Stable Precise Grasping
- 在软夹爪掌心集成3D打印光学触觉传感器,保持柔性同时感知触觉。
- 三步策略使抓取成功率从45%提升至97%,定位精度达亚毫米级。
- 适合处理易碎品或家庭辅助场景,可推广至多种软体机械臂。
在家庭和工厂等环境中操作脆弱物品需要稳定且轻柔的抓取,以及精确安全的放置。相比传统刚性夹爪,软体夹爪降低了控制复杂度和损坏物品的风险。然而,在不牺牲手指灵活性与适应性的前提下,将基于摄像头的光学触觉传感集成到软体夹爪中,并确保触觉感知精度不受软结构被动变形的影响,仍具挑战性。本文展示了一种模块化软体双指夹爪,其掌心集成3D打印的光学触觉传感器(TacTip)。提出一种软体抓取策略,包含三个功能:轻接触检测、抓取姿态调整和失接触检测,使不同形状和尺寸的物体都能稳定抓取并精确放置。通过依次实现这三个功能,抓取成功率由无功能时的45%逐步提升至59%(轻接触检测)、90%(姿态调整)和97%(失接触检测),实现亚毫米级放置精度。整体表明,在软体夹爪掌心集成光学触觉传感器具有可行性与实用性,该抓取策略适用于多种软体操作器,在易碎品加工与家庭辅助等领域具应用潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Manipulating fragile objects in environments such as homes and factories requires stable and gentle grasping along with precise and safe placement. Compared to traditional rigid grippers, the use of soft grippers reduces the control complexity and the risk of damaging objects. However, it is challenging to integrate camera-based optical tactile sensing into a soft gripper without compromising the flexibility and adaptability of the fingers, while also ensuring that the precision of tactile perception remains unaffected by passive deformations of the soft structure during object contact. In this paper, we demonstrate a modular soft two-fingered gripper with a 3D-printed optical tactile sensor (the TacTip) integrated in the palm. We propose a soft-grasping strategy that includes three functions: light contact detection, grasp pose adjustment and loss-of-contact detection, so that objects of different shapes and sizes can be grasped stably and placed precisely, which we test with both artificial and household objects. By sequentially implementing these three functions, the grasp success rate progressively improves from 45% without any functions, to 59% with light contact detection, 90% with grasp pose adjustment, and 97% with loss-of-contact detection, achieving a sub-millimeter placement precision. Overall, this work demonstrates the feasibility and utility of integrating optical tactile sensors into the palm of a soft gripper, of applicability to various types of soft manipulators. The proposed grasping strategy has potential applications in areas such as fragile product processing and home assistance.
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