arXiv:2409.16301cs.ROcs.LG2024-09被引 2

用深度学习提升足式机器人稳定性,确保控制可验证且透明。

Gait Switching and Enhanced Stabilization of Walking Robots with Deep Learning-based Reachability: A Case Study on Two-link Walker

  • 用深度学习加速哈密顿-雅可比可达性计算,解决足式机器人混合动力学难题。
  • 构建多种步态的吸引域库,实现扰动下步态切换与稳定控制。
  • 兼具模型方法的稳定性与学习方法的灵活性,适合需要安全保证的机器人应用。

基于学习的方法在足式机器人运动控制中取得显著进展,但通常缺乏可解释性,需依赖经验测试评估有效性。本文致力于设计一种可验证稳定性的学习型运动控制器,通过验证机器人稳定步态的吸引域(RoAs)来实现。由于足式机器人具有混合动力学,该问题极具挑战性。尽管先前工作已证明哈密顿-雅可比(HJ)可达性可用于此问题,但其实际应用受限于扩展性差。本文核心贡献是采用深度学习方法求解足式机器人混合动力学下的HJ可达性,克服了此前局限。借助学习到的可达性解,首先可估计多种步态的吸引域库;其次可设计一步预测控制器,在已验证吸引域内有效稳定至特定步态;最后可制定响应外部扰动的步态切换策略,其可行性由吸引域分析指导。我们在一个双连杆步行者仿真模型上验证方法,该模型数学基础明确。结果表明,本方法在稳定性上优于传统模型基方法,同时实现了现有学习方法所欠缺的透明性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Learning-based approaches have recently shown notable success in legged locomotion. However, these approaches often lack accountability, necessitating empirical tests to determine their effectiveness. In this work, we are interested in designing a learning-based locomotion controller whose stability can be examined and guaranteed. This can be achieved by verifying regions of attraction (RoAs) of legged robots to their stable walking gaits. This is a non-trivial problem for legged robots due to their hybrid dynamics. Although previous work has shown the utility of Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability to solve this problem, its practicality was limited by its poor scalability. The core contribution of our work is the employment of a deep learning-based HJ reachability solution to the hybrid legged robot dynamics, which overcomes the previous work's limitation. With the learned reachability solution, first, we can estimate a library of RoAs for various gaits. Second, we can design a one-step predictive controller that effectively stabilizes to an individual gait within the verified RoA. Finally, we can devise a strategy that switches gaits, in response to external perturbations, whose feasibility is guided by the RoA analysis. We demonstrate our method in a two-link walker simulation, whose mathematical model is well established. Our method achieves improved stability than previous model-based methods, while ensuring transparency that was not present in the existing learning-based approaches.

足式机器人可达性分析深度学习控制

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