综述大模型在医疗中的应用与挑战
The Role of Language Models in Modern Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review
- 梳理语言模型从早期到当前SOTA的发展脉络
- 指出其在病历生成、诊断辅助中的实际能力
- 强调隐私、偏见等伦理问题需重视
大型语言模型（LLMs）在医疗领域的应用受到广泛关注，因其具备处理复杂医学数据并为临床决策提供洞察的能力。这些模型在理解与生成自然语言方面表现出显著能力，对医疗文档、诊断及患者互动至关重要。本文回顾了语言模型从早期发展阶段到当前最先进的演进历程，突出其在医疗应用中的优势，并讨论数据隐私、偏见及伦理考量等挑战。同时探讨了LLMs提升医疗服务质量的潜力，以及确保其在医疗实践中伦理且有效集成所需的必要步骤。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The application of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare has gained significant attention due to their ability to process complex medical data and provide insights for clinical decision-making. These models have demonstrated substantial capabilities in understanding and generating natural language, which is crucial for medical documentation, diagnostics, and patient interaction. This review examines the trajectory of language models from their early stages to the current state-of-the-art LLMs, highlighting their strengths in healthcare applications and discussing challenges such as data privacy, bias, and ethical considerations. The potential of LLMs to enhance healthcare delivery is explored, alongside the necessary steps to ensure their ethical and effective integration into medical practice.
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