arXiv:2409.18583cs.CL2024-09被引 11

通过段落级集成提升大模型生成质量,兼顾实时调整与准确决策。

Hit the Sweet Spot! Span-Level Ensemble for Large Language Models

  • 在生成过程中动态选择各模型的候选段落,实现细粒度协同
  • 跨模型互评并过滤低可信度输出,提升结果可靠性
  • 适用于性能差异大的模型组合,适合实际应用部署

集成多个大语言模型以发挥其互补优势极具价值。现有方法主要分为样本级和词元级:前者在生成后统一处理,难以实时修正;后者虽可逐词优化,但单个词元信息不足,决策受限。为此,我们提出SweetSpan——一种段落级集成方法,兼顾实时调整与充分信息需求。该方法分两步:首先各候选模型基于共享前缀独立生成候选段落;其次通过困惑度评分实现模型间互评,筛选出更可信的段落。为全面评估,我们设计了更具挑战性的新场景(模型性能差距显著),并在此与标准场景下验证,结果表明,SweetSpan在多种语言生成任务中均优于现有方法,展现出优异的性能、鲁棒性与通用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ensembling various LLMs to unlock their complementary potential and leverage their individual strengths is highly valuable. Previous studies typically focus on two main paradigms: sample-level and token-level ensembles. Sample-level ensemble methods either select or blend fully generated outputs, which hinders dynamic correction and enhancement of outputs during the generation process. On the other hand, token-level ensemble methods enable real-time correction through fine-grained ensemble at each generation step. However, the information carried by an individual token is quite limited, leading to suboptimal decisions at each step. To address these issues, we propose SweetSpan, a span-level ensemble method that effectively balances the need for real-time adjustments and the information required for accurate ensemble decisions. Our approach involves two key steps: First, we have each candidate model independently generate candidate spans based on the shared prefix. Second, we calculate perplexity scores to facilitate mutual evaluation among the candidate models and achieve robust span selection by filtering out unfaithful scores. To comprehensively evaluate ensemble methods, we propose a new challenging setting (ensemble models with significant performance gaps) in addition to the standard setting (ensemble the best-performing models) to assess the performance of model ensembles in more realistic scenarios. Experimental results in both standard and challenging settings across various language generation tasks demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness, and versatility of our approach compared with previous ensemble methods.

大模型集成生成优化多模型协作

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