arXiv:2409.19949cs.LGcs.AI2024-09ICML被引 5

用普通轨迹训练通用扩散规划器,少量任务数据即可快速适配新任务。

Task-Agnostic Pre-training and Task-Guided Fine-tuning for Versatile Diffusion Planner

  • 先用大量非最优轨迹预训练通用扩散模型,提取通用规划能力。
  • 下游任务仅需少量带奖励信号的数据微调,即可生成高回报动作序列。
  • 适合缺乏专家数据或奖励函数设计困难的多任务场景。

扩散模型在建模多任务轨迹方面展现出强大能力。然而,现有方法通常依赖任务特定的示范数据进行多任务模仿学习,或需要任务特定的奖励标签通过强化学习优化策略,导致人力成本高昂。为此,本文提出SODP,一种两阶段框架,利用大规模非最优轨迹数据训练通用扩散规划器,具备快速适应具体任务的能力。预训练阶段,模型通过建模多任务轨迹的广泛分布(包括非最优、覆盖广),学习通用规划能力;下游任务中,采用基于强化学习的微调,结合任务特定奖励,快速优化生成更高任务回报的动作序列。在Meta-World和Adroit等多个多任务领域实验表明,SODP仅需少量奖励引导微调数据,即超越当前最优方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diffusion models have demonstrated their capabilities in modeling trajectories of multi-tasks. However, existing multi-task planners or policies typically rely on task-specific demonstrations via multi-task imitation, or require task-specific reward labels to facilitate policy optimization via Reinforcement Learning (RL). They are costly due to the substantial human efforts required to collect expert data or design reward functions. To address these challenges, we aim to develop a versatile diffusion planner capable of leveraging large-scale inferior data that contains task-agnostic sub-optimal trajectories, with the ability to fast adapt to specific tasks. In this paper, we propose SODP, a two-stage framework that leverages Sub-Optimal data to learn a Diffusion Planner, which is generalizable for various downstream tasks. Specifically, in the pre-training stage, we train a foundation diffusion planner that extracts general planning capabilities by modeling the versatile distribution of multi-task trajectories, which can be sub-optimal and has wide data coverage. Then for downstream tasks, we adopt RL-based fine-tuning with task-specific rewards to quickly refine the diffusion planner, which aims to generate action sequences with higher task-specific returns. Experimental results from multi-task domains including Meta-World and Adroit demonstrate that SODP outperforms state-of-the-art methods with only a small amount of data for reward-guided fine-tuning.

扩散模型多任务学习强化学习规划

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