分析近1.6万人群指纹质量与人口统计特征关系，揭示识别性能差异。
A large-scale operational study of fingerprint quality and demographics
- 基于10指指纹数据集，研究年龄、性别等对指纹质量影响
- 发现不同人群指纹质量存在显著差异，影响匹配准确率
- 为提升生物识别公平性提供数据支持与改进方向
尽管早期小规模研究已发现指纹识别技术在部分人口群体中存在性能偏差，但关于性别、年龄或手指类型等因素对指纹质量及其匹配精度的影响仍缺乏充分证据。本文基于包含近16,000名受试者、每人10指指纹的大型操作数据集，系统研究了指纹质量与人口统计学特征的关系。结果表明，不同人群间指纹质量存在明显差异，进而导致识别系统性能波动。研究基于实证数据提出新观察，给出合理解释，并建议后续改进措施，以促进生物识别技术的算法公平性与普惠性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Even though a few initial works have shown on small sets of data some level of bias in the performance of fingerprint recognition technology with respect to certain demographic groups, there is still not sufficient evidence to understand the impact that certain factors such as gender, age or finger-type may have on fingerprint quality and, in turn, also on fingerprint matching accuracy. The present work addresses this still under researched topic, on a large-scale database of operational data containing 10-print impressions of almost 16,000 subjects. The results reached provide further insight into the dependency of fingerprint quality and demographics, and show that there in fact exists a certain degree of performance variability in fingerprint-based recognition systems for different segments of the population. Based on the experimental evaluation, the work points out new observations based on data-driven evidence, provides plausible hypotheses to explain such observations, and concludes with potential follow-up actions that can help to reduce the observed fingerprint quality differences. This way, the current paper can be considered as a contribution to further increase the algorithmic fairness and equality of biometric technology.
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