用准直仪系统实现远距离相机校准，提升精度与灵活性。
Camera Calibration using a Collimator System
- 利用准直仪的光学特性，将相机与目标间运动简化为纯旋转。
- 提出多视图闭式解和双视图极小解，实现高效校准。
- 适用于长距离、大范围场景，适合工程化部署。
相机标定是摄影测量与三维视觉应用中的关键步骤。在工作距离较长、需覆盖广阔区域的实际场景中，基于目标的标定方法因场地限制变得复杂且不灵活。本文提出一种基于准直仪系统的新型相机标定方法，可为不同工作距离的相机提供可靠可控的标定环境。基于准直仪系统的光学几何关系，我们证明目标与相机间的相对运动符合球面运动模型，将原始6自由度运动降维至3自由度纯旋转。此外，本文提出了多视图闭式求解器与双视图极小求解器用于相机标定。通过合成数据与真实实验验证了该方法的有效性，结果表明其性能优于当前最先进方法。演示代码已开源：https://github.com/LiangSK98/CollimatorCalibration。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Camera calibration is a crucial step in photogrammetry and 3D vision applications. In practical scenarios with a long working distance to cover a wide area, target-based calibration methods become complicated and inflexible due to site limitations. This paper introduces a novel camera calibration method using a collimator system, which can provide a reliable and controllable calibration environment for cameras with varying working distances. Based on the optical geometry of the collimator system, we prove that the relative motion between the target and camera conforms to the spherical motion model, reducing the original 6DOF relative motion to 3DOF pure rotation motion. Furthermore, a closed-form solver for multiple views and a minimal solver for two views are proposed for camera calibration. The performance of our method is evaluated in both synthetic and real-world experiments, which verify the feasibility of calibration using the collimator system and demonstrate that our method is superior to the state-of-the-art methods. Demo code is available at https://github.com/LiangSK98/CollimatorCalibration.
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