9000名工人调查显示：多数人认为自动化能提升安全、收入与自主权。
Automation from the Worker's Perspective
- 基于九国超9000名工人调查，分析自动化对工作体验的影响。
- 超半数工人认为机器人和AI能改善工作安全、收入与自主性。
- 高技能、被重视、有晋升动力者更看好技术，教育水平高者反而更担忧。
关于自动化的常见叙事常将新技术与劳动者对立。先进机床、工业机器人和人工智能的引入，都引发人们对技术进步导致失业的担忧。然而，劳动者自身却展现出更乐观、更复杂的观点。基于2024年覆盖九个国家、超过9000名工人的广泛调查，发现更多工人认为机器人和人工智能在提升工作安全性、舒适度、薪资及工作自主性方面具有潜在益处，而非仅带来成本。那些从事复杂问题解决工作、感受到雇主认可、有职业晋升动机的工人，更倾向于将新技术视为有益。与以往研究假设相反，更高学历在某些情况下反而与对自动化更负面的态度相关。实验中，提供经济激励可改善工人对自动化技术的看法，而增加其对技术应用的参与权则未显著影响态度。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Common narratives about automation often pit new technologies against workers. The introduction of advanced machine tools, industrial robots, and AI have all been met with concern that technological progress will mean fewer jobs. However, workers themselves offer a more optimistic, nuanced perspective. Drawing on a far-reaching 2024 survey of more than 9,000 workers across nine countries, this paper finds that more workers report potential benefits from new technologies like robots and AI for their safety and comfort at work, their pay, and their autonomy on the job than report potential costs. Workers with jobs that ask them to solve complex problems, workers who feel valued by their employers, and workers who are motivated to move up in their careers are all more likely to see new technologies as beneficial. In contrast to assumptions in previous research, more formal education is in some cases associated with more negative attitudes toward automation and its impact on work. In an experimental setting, the prospect of financial incentives for workers improve their perceptions of automation technologies, whereas the prospect of increased input about how new technologies are used does not have a significant effect on workers' attitudes toward automation.
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