用生成模型加速晶体材料原子输运模拟,60万倍提速且保持高精度。
Flow Matching for Accelerated Simulation of Atomic Transport in Crystalline Materials
- 基于流匹配的生成框架,条件生成原子位移并纠正异常结构。
- 在4186种电解质上预测锂均方位移,排名相关性达0.7-0.8。
- 适用于短轨迹训练扩展至大超胞和长时模拟,适合材料设计场景。
原子输运决定能源存储与电子技术中材料的性能,但其模拟计算成本高昂。传统从头算分子动力学(AIMD)难以突破尺度限制,尤其在固态电解质(SSEs)离子扩散建模中。本文提出LiFlow,一种生成式框架,将晶体材料分子动力学加速问题转化为原子位移的条件生成任务。模型采用流匹配机制,包含传播器子模型生成原子位移和校正器局部修正非物理解构型,并引入基于麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布的自适应先验,以考虑化学与热力学条件。我们在包含4,186种候选材料、25皮秒轨迹、四种温度下的数据集上进行基准测试。对未见组分的锂均方位移(MSD)预测,模型保持0.7–0.8的一致斯皮尔曼秩相关性。此外,LiFlow可从短训练轨迹泛化至更大超胞和更长模拟,同时保持高精度。相比第一性原理方法,速度提升最高达60万倍,实现更大时空尺度的可扩展模拟。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Atomic transport underpins the performance of materials in technologies such as energy storage and electronics, yet its simulation remains computationally demanding. In particular, modeling ionic diffusion in solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) requires methods that can overcome the scale limitations of traditional ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). We introduce LiFlow, a generative framework to accelerate MD simulations for crystalline materials that formulates the task as conditional generation of atomic displacements. The model uses flow matching, with a Propagator submodel to generate atomic displacements and a Corrector to locally correct unphysical geometries, and incorporates an adaptive prior based on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution to account for chemical and thermal conditions. We benchmark LiFlow on a dataset comprising 25-ps trajectories of lithium diffusion across 4,186 SSE candidates at four temperatures. The model obtains a consistent Spearman rank correlation of 0.7-0.8 for lithium mean squared displacement (MSD) predictions on unseen compositions. Furthermore, LiFlow generalizes from short training trajectories to larger supercells and longer simulations while maintaining high accuracy. With speed-ups of up to 600,000$\times$ compared to first-principles methods, LiFlow enables scalable simulations at significantly larger length and time scales.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。