arXiv:2410.02236cs.LGcs.SY2024-10被引 9

提出C-MORL算法,高效发现多目标强化学习的帕累托前沿。

C-MORL: Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning through Efficient Discovery of Pareto Front

  • 两阶段训练:先并行优化单目标策略,再约束优化填补帕累托前沿空白。
  • 在九个目标下仍保持高超性能,超体积、期望效用和稀疏性均更优。
  • 适合复杂多目标任务,尤其适用于偏好动态变化的场景。

多目标强化学习(MORL)能有效应对多准则任务中快速变化的偏好,甚至处理未见过的偏好。然而,现有主流MORL方法通常通过多次训练生成固定策略集或偏好条件策略,仅针对采样的偏好向量,难以保证帕累托前沿的高效发现。此外,将偏好输入嵌入策略或价值函数会带来可扩展性挑战,尤其当状态空间与偏好空间维度升高时,可能加剧学习难度并影响算法在复杂任务上的表现。为此,我们提出一种两阶段帕累托前沿发现算法——约束型MORL(C-MORL),无缝衔接约束策略优化与MORL。具体而言,在初始化阶段并行训练一组策略,每条策略针对单一偏好进行优化;随后通过约束优化步骤,最大化某一目标同时约束其他目标不低于预设阈值,以填补帕累托前沿的空缺。实验表明,相较于近期MORL先进方法,本算法在离散与连续控制任务中,于超体积、期望效用及稀疏性指标上均实现更一致且优越的表现,尤其在多达九个目标的场景下依然稳健高效。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) excels at handling rapidly changing preferences in tasks that involve multiple criteria, even for unseen preferences. However, previous dominating MORL methods typically generate a fixed policy set or preference-conditioned policy through multiple training iterations exclusively for sampled preference vectors, and cannot ensure the efficient discovery of the Pareto front. Furthermore, integrating preferences into the input of policy or value functions presents scalability challenges, in particular as the dimension of the state and preference space grow, which can complicate the learning process and hinder the algorithm's performance on more complex tasks. To address these issues, we propose a two-stage Pareto front discovery algorithm called Constrained MORL (C-MORL), which serves as a seamless bridge between constrained policy optimization and MORL. Concretely, a set of policies is trained in parallel in the initialization stage, with each optimized towards its individual preference over the multiple objectives. Then, to fill the remaining vacancies in the Pareto front, the constrained optimization steps are employed to maximize one objective while constraining the other objectives to exceed a predefined threshold. Empirically, compared to recent advancements in MORL methods, our algorithm achieves more consistent and superior performances in terms of hypervolume, expected utility, and sparsity on both discrete and continuous control tasks, especially with numerous objectives (up to nine objectives in our experiments).

多目标强化学习帕累托前沿策略优化

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。