提出S2C2A策略,让模块化软体机械臂更精准地规划路径并实时响应环境变化。
A Versatile Neural Network Configuration Space Planning and Control Strategy for Modular Soft Robot Arms
- 用双向LSTM构建状态到构型的优化规划模型,融合多损失函数
- 仅靠不精确内部传感实现构型轨迹跟踪,误差累积显著降低
- 支持离线任务与在线交互,适用于复杂场景下的柔性操作
模块化软体机械臂(MSRAs)由多个串联模块构成,可在不同方向弯曲,具备比单模块机器人更复杂的任务执行能力。然而,其模块化结构带来建模与控制难题:非线性、迟滞效应使物理模型复杂,模块连接与自由度增加导致误差沿序列累积。为此,本文提出一种通用的配置空间规划与控制策略S2C2A(State to Configuration to Action)。该策略首先构建基于双向LSTM的前向模型,通过整合多种损失函数求解状态到构型的规划问题(S2C);再设计基于双向LSTM的构型到动作控制器(C2A),仅依赖不准确的内部传感反馈,实现对规划轨迹的跟随。在绳驱动型MSRA上验证表明,该方法可完成位置/姿态控制、避障等离线任务,并赋予机械臂与目标及障碍物的在线交互能力。未来工作将聚焦于构建更精确的物理模型以进一步提升性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Modular soft robot arms (MSRAs) are composed of multiple modules connected in a sequence, and they can bend at different angles in various directions. This capability allows MSRAs to perform more intricate tasks than single-module robots. However, the modular structure also induces challenges in accurate planning and control. Nonlinearity and hysteresis complicate the physical model, while the modular structure and increased DOFs further lead to cumulative errors along the sequence. To address these challenges, we propose a versatile configuration space planning and control strategy for MSRAs, named S2C2A (State to Configuration to Action). Our approach formulates an optimization problem, S2C (State to Configuration planning), which integrates various loss functions and a forward model based on biLSTM to generate configuration trajectories based on target states. A configuration controller C2A (Configuration to Action control) based on biLSTM is implemented to follow the planned configuration trajectories, leveraging only inaccurate internal sensing feedback. We validate our strategy using a cable-driven MSRA, demonstrating its ability to perform diverse offline tasks such as position and orientation control and obstacle avoidance. Furthermore, our strategy endows MSRA with online interaction capability with targets and obstacles. Future work focuses on addressing MSRA challenges, such as more accurate physical models.
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