通过事件流形传播不确定性,提升飞行器控制神经网络的可靠性验证
Certifying Guidance & Control Networks: Uncertainty Propagation to an Event Manifold
- 在事件流形上分析初始状态不确定性的传播规律
- 用柯西-阿达马定理和矩生成函数给出置信区间
- 适用于航天器轨道、小行星着陆等高安全性控制场景
本文对引导与控制网络(G&CNETs)在事件流形上的不确定性传播进行了研究,旨在提升该领域神经网络的认证能力。基于三个不同非线性程度和事件流形复杂度的已解最优控制问题,分别训练了表示时间最优星际转移、质量最优小行星着陆和能量最优无人机竞速的最优控制策略的G&CNETs。针对每个问题,我们从理论上推导出终端条件在事件流形上随初始状态不确定性变化的解析表达式。该展开不依赖于时间,仅由系统初始条件决定,因此可在任务任意阶段评估G&CNET的鲁棒性。获得解析表达后,利用柯西-阿达马定理提供置信边界,并通过矩生成函数实现不确定性传播。尽管蒙特卡洛方法也能得到类似结果,但本工作强调仅依赖蒙特卡洛模拟不足以满足未来导航与控制中神经网络的认证需求。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We perform uncertainty propagation on an event manifold for Guidance & Control Networks (G&CNETs), aiming to enhance the certification tools for neural networks in this field. This work utilizes three previously solved optimal control problems with varying levels of dynamics nonlinearity and event manifold complexity. The G&CNETs are trained to represent the optimal control policies of a time-optimal interplanetary transfer, a mass-optimal landing on an asteroid and energy-optimal drone racing, respectively. For each of these problems, we describe analytically the terminal conditions on an event manifold with respect to initial state uncertainties. Crucially, this expansion does not depend on time but solely on the initial conditions of the system, thereby making it possible to study the robustness of the G&CNET at any specific stage of a mission defined by the event manifold. Once this analytical expression is found, we provide confidence bounds by applying the Cauchy-Hadamard theorem and perform uncertainty propagation using moment generating functions. While Monte Carlo-based (MC) methods can yield the results we present, this work is driven by the recognition that MC simulations alone may be insufficient for future certification of neural networks in guidance and control applications.
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