提出动态解耦方法,提升多视角学习的可信度与准确性。
Dynamic Evidence Decoupling for Trusted Multi-view Learning
- 将多视图证据分为一致与互补两部分动态解耦
- 在6个真实数据集上准确率显著优于基线方法
- 适合对可靠性要求高的安全关键场景
多视角学习方法通常关注提升分类准确率,却忽视决策不确定性,限制了其在安全关键场景中的应用。现有可信多视角学习方法通过学习每个样本的类别分布来估计概率与不确定性,但假设各视角能有效区分所有类别,忽略了真实数据中普遍存在的语义模糊现象。本文发现该现象会显著抑制现有方法对视图特异性证据的学习。为此,提出一致与互补感知的可信多视角学习(CCML)方法:首先利用证据深度神经网络构建包含信念质量向量与不确定性估计的视图观点;然后动态解耦一致与互补证据——一致证据来自各视角共有的部分,互补证据通过平均各视角差异部分获得。确保由一致证据构建的观点严格匹配真实类别,而互补证据允许存在潜在模糊性。在1个合成数据集和6个真实数据集上与先进基线对比,结果验证了动态证据解耦策略的有效性,表明CCML在准确率与可靠性方面均显著优于基线。代码已开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-view learning methods often focus on improving decision accuracy, while neglecting the decision uncertainty, limiting their suitability for safety-critical applications. To mitigate this, researchers propose trusted multi-view learning methods that estimate classification probabilities and uncertainty by learning the class distributions for each instance. However, these methods assume that the data from each view can effectively differentiate all categories, ignoring the semantic vagueness phenomenon in real-world multi-view data. Our findings demonstrate that this phenomenon significantly suppresses the learning of view-specific evidence in existing methods. We propose a Consistent and Complementary-aware trusted Multi-view Learning (CCML) method to solve this problem. We first construct view opinions using evidential deep neural networks, which consist of belief mass vectors and uncertainty estimates. Next, we dynamically decouple the consistent and complementary evidence. The consistent evidence is derived from the shared portions across all views, while the complementary evidence is obtained by averaging the differing portions across all views. We ensure that the opinion constructed from the consistent evidence strictly aligns with the ground-truth category. For the opinion constructed from the complementary evidence, we allow it for potential vagueness in the evidence. We compare CCML with state-of-the-art baselines on one synthetic and six real-world datasets. The results validate the effectiveness of the dynamic evidence decoupling strategy and show that CCML significantly outperforms baselines on accuracy and reliability. The code is released at https://github.com/Lihong-Liu/CCML.
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