arXiv:2410.04184cs.LOcs.AI2024-10被引 1

将非单调逻辑引入概念分析,让概念可容忍例外。

Non-monotonic Extensions to Formal Concept Analysis via Object Preferences

  • 基于对象偏好定义属性间的非单调蕴含关系。
  • 典型概念构成原概念格的交半格,支持例外容忍。
  • 为原型概念的代数结构奠定基础,适合逻辑与知识表示研究者。

形式概念分析(FCA)通过形式上下文(对象集G、属性集M及关联关系I)生成概念格,其中概念由对象集(外延)和共享属性集(内涵)组成。传统FCA中的蕴涵关系具有单调性,类似于经典逻辑的推理。本文提出一种新的非单调属性间蕴含,依赖于对象的偏好排序。该蕴含关系满足Kraus-Lehmann-Magidor(KLM)提出的非单调公理体系,建立了FCA中非单调性的严格刻画。在此基础上,提出‘典型概念’——即内涵与外延预期一致且允许例外的概念。我们证明所有典型概念构成原概念格的交半格。这一思想将KLM式的典型性引入FCA,是构建原型概念格代数结构的重要基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is an approach to creating a conceptual hierarchy in which a \textit{concept lattice} is generated from a \textit{formal context}. That is, a triple consisting of a set of objects, $G$, a set of attributes, $M$, and an incidence relation $I$ on $G \times M$. A \textit{concept} is then modelled as a pair consisting of a set of objects (the \textit{extent}), and a set of shared attributes (the \textit{intent}). Implications in FCA describe how one set of attributes follows from another. The semantics of these implications closely resemble that of logical consequence in classical logic. In that sense, it describes a monotonic conditional. The contributions of this paper are two-fold. First, we introduce a non-monotonic conditional between sets of attributes, which assumes a preference over the set of objects. We show that this conditional gives rise to a consequence relation that is consistent with the postulates for non-monotonicty proposed by Kraus, Lehmann, and Magidor (commonly referred to as the KLM postulates). We argue that our contribution establishes a strong characterisation of non-monotonicity in FCA. Typical concepts represent concepts where the intent aligns with expectations from the extent, allowing for an exception-tolerant view of concepts. To this end, we show that the set of all typical concepts is a meet semi-lattice of the original concept lattice. This notion of typical concepts is a further introduction of KLM-style typicality into FCA, and is foundational towards developing an algebraic structure representing a concept lattice of prototypical concepts.

概念分析非单调逻辑典型性

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