从贝叶斯视角评估大模型函数拟合能力,发现其依赖先验知识而非原始数据模式。
On Evaluating LLMs' Capabilities as Functional Approximators: A Bayesian Perspective
- 基于贝叶斯函数建模框架,系统评估大模型的函数拟合能力。
- 大模型在原始数据模式识别上表现较弱,但擅长利用领域先验知识。
- 适用于理解大模型在函数建模中的优势与局限,适合研究者参考。
近期研究已成功将大型语言模型(LLMs)应用于函数建模任务。然而,这种成功的内在原因仍不明确。本文提出一种新的评估框架,全面衡量LLMs的函数建模能力。通过采用函数建模的贝叶斯视角,我们发现LLMs在理解原始数据中的模式方面相对薄弱,但在利用领域先验知识以构建对底层函数的强理解方面表现出色。这些发现为理解LLMs在函数建模中的优势与局限提供了新视角。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent works have successfully applied Large Language Models (LLMs) to function modeling tasks. However, the reasons behind this success remain unclear. In this work, we propose a new evaluation framework to comprehensively assess LLMs' function modeling abilities. By adopting a Bayesian perspective of function modeling, we discover that LLMs are relatively weak in understanding patterns in raw data, but excel at utilizing prior knowledge about the domain to develop a strong understanding of the underlying function. Our findings offer new insights about the strengths and limitations of LLMs in the context of function modeling.
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