arXiv:2410.05079cs.RO2024-10中稿 · IEEE RA-L被引 9

针对复杂环境中的空地机器人导航难题,提出高效高能的实时导航系统。

HE-Nav: A High-Performance and Efficient Navigation System for Aerial-Ground Robots in Cluttered Environments

  • 采用轻量级感知网络与鸟瞰图特征融合,提升遮挡场景障碍物预测精度。
  • 实现7倍能耗降低,仿真成功率98%,路径安全平滑且无需欧式距离场。
  • 适合需长时续航与复杂地形穿越的空地协同机器人应用。

现有空地机器人导航系统在低遮挡场景(如建筑区)已取得进展,依赖3D语义场景补全网络进行体素占位预测,并构建欧氏符号距离场(ESDF)地图以实现无碰撞路径规划。然而,在严重遮挡的复杂环境(如密林或高墙区域)中,受限于感知网络精度不足和路径规划计算开销大,性能与效率均不理想。本文提出首个专为复杂环境设计的高性能高效导航系统HE-Nav。其感知模块采用轻量级语义场景补全网络LBSCNet,结合鸟瞰图(BEV)特征融合及精心设计的SCB-Fusion模块与注意力机制,实现在遮挡区域的实时高效障碍物预测,生成完整局部地图。基于该地图,创新的AG-Planner采用节能型动力学A*搜索算法,确保路径规划能量高效;后续轨迹优化生成安全、平滑、动态可行且无需依赖ESDF的空地混合路径。大量实验表明,HE-Nav在真实场景中实现7倍能耗节省,仿真中保持98%的规划成功率。代码与视频见项目主页:https://jmwang0117.github.io/HE-Nav/。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Existing AGR navigation systems have advanced in lightly occluded scenarios (e.g., buildings) by employing 3D semantic scene completion networks for voxel occupancy prediction and constructing Euclidean Signed Distance Field (ESDF) maps for collision-free path planning. However, these systems exhibit suboptimal performance and efficiency in cluttered environments with severe occlusions (e.g., dense forests or tall walls), due to limitations arising from perception networks' low prediction accuracy and path planners' high computational overhead. In this paper, we present HE-Nav, the first high-performance and efficient navigation system tailored for AGRs operating in cluttered environments. The perception module utilizes a lightweight semantic scene completion network (LBSCNet), guided by a bird's eye view (BEV) feature fusion and enhanced by an exquisitely designed SCB-Fusion module and attention mechanism. This enables real-time and efficient obstacle prediction in cluttered areas, generating a complete local map. Building upon this completed map, our novel AG-Planner employs the energy-efficient kinodynamic A* search algorithm to guarantee planning is energy-saving. Subsequent trajectory optimization processes yield safe, smooth, dynamically feasible and ESDF-free aerial-ground hybrid paths. Extensive experiments demonstrate that HE-Nav achieved 7x energy savings in real-world situations while maintaining planning success rates of 98% in simulation scenarios. Code and video are available on our project page: https://jmwang0117.github.io/HE-Nav/.

空地机器人路径规划高效导航语义建图

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