用可变分辨率量化降低边缘视觉功耗,保留90%准确率。
Variable Resolution Pixel Quantization for Low Power Machine Vision Application on Edge
- 基于哈达玛变换实现模拟域图像转换,驱动低精度模数转换器
- 3比特每像素下仍保持CIFAR-10数据集90%分类准确率
- 适用于对能效敏感的边缘计算视觉系统
本文提出一种基于可变分辨率的像素量化方法,通过模拟域图像变换实现。核心目标是在维持卷积神经网络(CNN)图像分类准确率的前提下,降低图像表示所需的平均比特数(BPP)。该方法基于哈达玛变换,使模数转换器(ADC)实现低分辨率的可变量化,从而减少传感器节点的功耗。尽管存在图像变换带来的固有权衡,所提算法在不同图像尺寸和ADC配置下均实现了具有竞争力的准确率,凸显了在边缘计算中兼顾准确率与功耗的重要性。文中还提出了一个集成哈达玛变换的新型1.5比特ADC架构。针对CIFAR-10数据集,完成了模拟变换后软件实现的可变量化硬件原型。数字化结果表明,采用该方法的3比特每像素(3-BPP)图像仍可达到90%的识别准确率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This work describes an approach towards pixel quantization using variable resolution which is made feasible using image transformation in the analog domain. The main aim is to reduce the average bits-per-pixel (BPP) necessary for representing an image while maintaining the classification accuracy of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that is trained for image classification. The proposed algorithm is based on the Hadamard transform that leads to a low-resolution variable quantization by the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) thus reducing the power dissipation in hardware at the sensor node. Despite the trade-offs inherent in image transformation, the proposed algorithm achieves competitive accuracy levels across various image sizes and ADC configurations, highlighting the importance of considering both accuracy and power consumption in edge computing applications. The schematic of a novel 1.5 bit ADC that incorporates the Hadamard transform is also proposed. A hardware implementation of the analog transformation followed by software-based variable quantization is done for the CIFAR-10 test dataset. The digitized data shows that the network can still identify transformed images with a remarkable 90% accuracy for 3-BPP transformed images following the proposed method.
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