用图像描述模型零样本生成音频描述,靠对齐音视频特征分布实现。
An Eye for an Ear: Zero-shot Audio Description Leveraging an Image Captioner using Audiovisual Distribution Alignment
- 通过匹配音频与图像编码器的输出词元分布,弥合音视频模态差距。
- 在零样本条件下实现优于现有方法的音频描述性能。
- 无需微调原有图像描述模型,可灵活处理单音频或音视频输入。
多模态大语言模型在图像描述任务中取得显著进展,其在海量图像数据上微调后具备深层语义理解能力。本文提出将这种能力迁移至音频描述任务:利用视频中音视频内容的联合图像-语言解码器,为音频内容生成描述。这一过程依赖于多模态对齐,但真实视频中听觉与视觉元素存在本质差异,且主流多模态表示学习依赖对比学习,面临“模态鸿沟”问题,阻碍模态间融合。为此,本文提出一种新方法,通过将音频骨干网络输出的词元分布与图像描述模型输出的词元分布进行对齐,使音频编码器生成的表示与图像编码器一致,从而在不改变原图像描述组件的前提下,实现无监督的零样本音频描述。该对齐机制支持以音频或音视频输入方式灵活替换或组合编码器,显著提升零样本音频描述性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multimodal large language models have fueled progress in image captioning. These models, fine-tuned on vast image datasets, exhibit a deep understanding of semantic concepts. In this work, we show that this ability can be re-purposed for audio captioning, where the joint image-language decoder can be leveraged to describe auditory content associated with image sequences within videos featuring audiovisual content. This can be achieved via multimodal alignment. Yet, this multimodal alignment task is non-trivial due to the inherent disparity between audible and visible elements in real-world videos. Moreover, multimodal representation learning often relies on contrastive learning, facing the challenge of the so-called modality gap which hinders smooth integration between modalities. In this work, we introduce a novel methodology for bridging the audiovisual modality gap by matching the distributions of tokens produced by an audio backbone and those of an image captioner. Our approach aligns the audio token distribution with that of the image tokens, enabling the model to perform zero-shot audio captioning in an unsupervised fashion while keeping the initial image captioning component unaltered. This alignment allows for the use of either audio or audiovisual input by combining or substituting the image encoder with the aligned audio encoder. Our method achieves significantly improved performances in zero-shot audio captioning, compared to existing approaches.
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