arXiv:2410.06406cs.LG2024-10被引 3

无需预设网格结构,可通用预测任意形状的场数据。

Topology-Agnostic Graph U-Nets for Scalar Field Prediction on Unstructured Meshes

  • 构建拓扑无关的图卷积网络,支持任意网格输入
  • 在3D打印仿真数据上实现中位R² > 0.85的预测精度
  • 适用于复杂几何设计优化,适合工程仿真加速

机器学习代理模型正日益成为加速长时计算机仿真的关键,帮助工程师缩短产品设计周期。尽管这类方法能在几何全域预测关键量,但通常对输入数据形式有严格限制。为应对多样化的数据类型,理想方案应不限制输入结构。本文提出拓扑无关图U-Net(TAG U-Net),一种可接受任意网格或图结构输入,并在每个节点输出目标标量场的图卷积网络。该模型通过构建输入图的多级粗化版本,执行一系列卷积与下采样操作,在原始图上预测节点输出。在多样化形状数据集上训练后,模型对未见形状仍具强泛化能力。本文还发布一个3D增材制造数据集,包含数千个零件的激光粉末床熔融仿真结果。模型在此数据集上表现良好,对2D与3D标量场的预测中位R²超过0.85。代码与数据集已公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Machine-learned surrogate models to accelerate lengthy computer simulations are becoming increasingly important as engineers look to streamline the product design cycle. In many cases, these approaches offer the ability to predict relevant quantities throughout a geometry, but place constraints on the form of the input data. In a world of diverse data types, a preferred approach would not restrict the input to a particular structure. In this paper, we propose Topology-Agnostic Graph U-Net (TAG U-Net), a graph convolutional network that can be trained to input any mesh or graph structure and output a prediction of a target scalar field at each node. The model constructs coarsened versions of each input graph and performs a set of convolution and pooling operations to predict the node-wise outputs on the original graph. By training on a diverse set of shapes, the model can make strong predictions, even for shapes unlike those seen during training. A 3-D additive manufacturing dataset is presented, containing Laser Powder Bed Fusion simulation results for thousands of parts. The model is demonstrated on this dataset, and it performs well, predicting both 2-D and 3-D scalar fields with a median R-squared > 0.85 on test geometries. Code and datasets are available online.

图神经网络仿真加速标量场预测增材制造

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