AI赋能灾害减灾,跨学科协作构建可信法律框架
Transforming disaster risk reduction with AI and big data: Legal and interdisciplinary perspectives
- 融合法律、社会与环境科学,推动AI在灾害管理中的协同应用
- 提出安全、透明、公平等五项数据挖掘责任原则
- 适合政策制定者、跨学科研究者及数字治理关注者
应对复杂灾害风险需跨学科协作。打破法律、社会科学与自然科学研究间的壁垒,对灾害减灾全过程至关重要。这有助于构建适应人工智能快速演进的动态法律体系,该体系深刻影响法律与自然环境的交互。探讨人工智能如何重塑法律框架与环境管理,同时分析法律与环境因素如何将人工智能约束于经济社会范畴内,具有重要意义。基于律师、社会科学家与环境科学家的共生产视角,提出以安全、透明、公平、可问责性与可争议性为核心的负责任数据挖掘原则。本讨论为整合环境与社会科学知识、实现人工智能驱动的自适应法律系统提供蓝图。环境科学家与决策者在术语使用上的差异,妨碍了基于法律考量构建安全、可信、可争议的灾害管理框架。当社交网络助力灾害风险缓解时,必须考虑隐私保护与管理结果的责任归属。公平与可问责原则强调环境因素,促进公众参与的社会经济对话。人工智能在教育中也发挥关键作用,培养下一代法律、社会科学与自然科学人才,共同推进和谐的跨学科解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Managing complex disaster risks requires interdisciplinary efforts. Breaking down silos between law, social sciences, and natural sciences is critical for all processes of disaster risk reduction. This enables adaptive systems for the rapid evolution of AI technology, which has significantly impacted the intersection of law and natural environments. Exploring how AI influences legal frameworks and environmental management, while also examining how legal and environmental considerations can confine AI within the socioeconomic domain, is essential. From a co-production review perspective, drawing on insights from lawyers, social scientists, and environmental scientists, principles for responsible data mining are proposed based on safety, transparency, fairness, accountability, and contestability. This discussion offers a blueprint for interdisciplinary collaboration to create adaptive law systems based on AI integration of knowledge from environmental and social sciences. Discrepancies in the use of language between environmental scientists and decision-makers in terms of usefulness and accuracy hamper how AI can be used based on the principles of legal considerations for a safe, trustworthy, and contestable disaster management framework. When social networks are useful for mitigating disaster risks based on AI, the legal implications related to privacy and liability of the outcomes of disaster management must be considered. Fair and accountable principles emphasise environmental considerations and foster socioeconomic discussions related to public engagement. AI also has an important role to play in education, bringing together the next generations of law, social sciences, and natural sciences to work on interdisciplinary solutions in harmony.
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