通过因果推理去除多模态点击诱饵中的偏见,提升检测鲁棒性。
Multimodal Clickbait Detection by De-confounding Biases Using Causal Representation Inference
- 利用多模态特征分离出不变意图、因果欺骗模式和噪声
- 在三个数据集上显著降低误判率,提升泛化能力
- 适合内容安全团队与反作弊系统开发者参考
本文研究网络点击诱饵的检测问题。这类内容常以混合模态的吸引眼球信息误导用户点击以获利,影响用户体验并被平台屏蔽。为逃避检测,恶意创作者会插入无关非诱饵内容伪装成合法帖子,这些内容与非诱饵标签存在虚假关联,导致传统检测器因依赖简单共现关系而误判。为此,本文提出一种基于因果推理的去偏方法:首先提取多模态特征表征帖子;接着从中解耦三类潜在因子——反映内在诱饵意图的不变因子、特定场景下的欺骗模式因果因子,以及非因果噪声。通过消除导致偏见的噪声,仅使用不变因子和因果因子构建鲁棒模型,实现良好泛化。在三个主流数据集上的实验验证了该方法的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper focuses on detecting clickbait posts on the Web. These posts often use eye-catching disinformation in mixed modalities to mislead users to click for profit. That affects the user experience and thus would be blocked by content provider. To escape detection, malicious creators use tricks to add some irrelevant non-bait content into bait posts, dressing them up as legal to fool the detector. This content often has biased relations with non-bait labels, yet traditional detectors tend to make predictions based on simple co-occurrence rather than grasping inherent factors that lead to malicious behavior. This spurious bias would easily cause misjudgments. To address this problem, we propose a new debiased method based on causal inference. We first employ a set of features in multiple modalities to characterize the posts. Considering these features are often mixed up with unknown biases, we then disentangle three kinds of latent factors from them, including the invariant factor that indicates intrinsic bait intention; the causal factor which reflects deceptive patterns in a certain scenario, and non-causal noise. By eliminating the noise that causes bias, we can use invariant and causal factors to build a robust model with good generalization ability. Experiments on three popular datasets show the effectiveness of our approach.
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