解决表格数据在大模型中表示难的问题,提升高基数字段与数值推理能力。
Scalable Representation Learning for Multimodal Tabular Transactions
- 分层分区机制结合幂律分布处理海量词汇,提升稀疏高基数字段建模能力。
- 自适应量化保持数值连续性,显著增强对精确数值推理的捕捉效果。
- 适配器融合交易与文本模态,支持语言接口高效调用下游任务。
大型语言模型(LLMs)主要面向非结构化文本设计,直接应用于表格等结构化数据时难以识别内在关系并忽略关键模式。现有表格表示学习方法仍面临高基数字段稀疏、精确数值推理困难及列数庞大的挑战。此外,如何通过自然语言接口利用这些表示进行下游任务尚不明确。本文提出一种创新且可扩展的解决方案:引入多层级分区机制,利用幂律动态处理大规模词汇;采用自适应量化机制对数值连续性施加先验;对核心列与元信息列进行差异化处理。为支持基于指令的微调,我们设计了一种参数高效的解码器,通过一系列适配器层交织交易与文本模态,充分挖掘跨任务知识。我们在大规模合成支付交易数据集上验证了该方法的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language models (LLMs) are primarily designed to understand unstructured text. When directly applied to structured formats such as tabular data, they may struggle to discern inherent relationships and overlook critical patterns. While tabular representation learning methods can address some of these limitations, existing efforts still face challenges with sparse high-cardinality fields, precise numerical reasoning, and column-heavy tables. Furthermore, leveraging these learned representations for downstream tasks through a language based interface is not apparent. In this paper, we present an innovative and scalable solution to these challenges. Concretely, our approach introduces a multi-tier partitioning mechanism that utilizes power-law dynamics to handle large vocabularies, an adaptive quantization mechanism to impose priors on numerical continuity, and a distinct treatment of core-columns and meta-information columns. To facilitate instruction tuning on LLMs, we propose a parameter efficient decoder that interleaves transaction and text modalities using a series of adapter layers, thereby exploiting rich cross-task knowledge. We validate the efficacy of our solution on a large-scale dataset of synthetic payments transactions.
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