针对边缘设备设计高效多目标追踪方法,兼顾隐私与性能。
Efficient Multi-Object Tracking on Edge Devices via Reconstruction-Based Channel Pruning
- 基于重建误差的通道剪枝,压缩复杂追踪模型
- 在Jetson Orin Nano上实现70%模型瘦身且保持高精度
- 适合需本地处理、低延迟的智能摄像头等边缘场景
多目标追踪(MOT)技术的发展面临高性能与安全隐私双重挑战。在行人追踪等涉及敏感数据的应用中,若将数据上传至外部服务器,可能引发隐私泄露和数据滥用。为降低风险,直接在边缘设备(如智能摄像头)本地处理数据成为可行方案,既能保障数据私密性,又能显著降低网络延迟。然而,边缘设备计算资源有限,难以支持当前主流MOT算法的高算力需求。为此,本文提出一种专为现代MOT系统设计的神经网络剪枝方法,通过重建误差指导通道剪枝,在NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano等边缘设备上实现高达70%的模型压缩,同时保持高水平精度,并进一步提升运行效率,验证了该方法在边缘计算中的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The advancement of multi-object tracking (MOT) technologies presents the dual challenge of maintaining high performance while addressing critical security and privacy concerns. In applications such as pedestrian tracking, where sensitive personal data is involved, the potential for privacy violations and data misuse becomes a significant issue if data is transmitted to external servers. To mitigate these risks, processing data directly on an edge device, such as a smart camera, has emerged as a viable solution. Edge computing ensures that sensitive information remains local, thereby aligning with stringent privacy principles and significantly reducing network latency. However, the implementation of MOT on edge devices is not without its challenges. Edge devices typically possess limited computational resources, necessitating the development of highly optimized algorithms capable of delivering real-time performance under these constraints. The disparity between the computational requirements of state-of-the-art MOT algorithms and the capabilities of edge devices emphasizes a significant obstacle. To address these challenges, we propose a neural network pruning method specifically tailored to compress complex networks, such as those used in modern MOT systems. This approach optimizes MOT performance by ensuring high accuracy and efficiency within the constraints of limited edge devices, such as NVIDIA's Jetson Orin Nano. By applying our pruning method, we achieve model size reductions of up to 70% while maintaining a high level of accuracy and further improving performance on the Jetson Orin Nano, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach for edge computing applications.
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