arXiv:2410.09255eess.IVcs.CV2024-10

用三模型集成提升肺部X光判别新冠准确率,达99.17%。

MOZART: Ensembling Approach for COVID-19 Detection using Chest X-Ray Imagery

  • 融合InceptionV3、Xception、ResNet50三模型预测结果
  • 在3616例新冠与健康样本上实现99.17%准确率
  • 可灵活优化以降低假阳或假阴,适合医疗影像应用

新冠疫情导致全球大流行,对医疗系统造成巨大压力。早期精准检测对控制传播至关重要。尽管逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)是诊断金标准,但其可用性有限、检测时间长且假阴性率极高,促使探索替代方法。胸部X光成像已成为识别新冠相关肺部异常的无创有效工具。传统卷积神经网络(CNN)表现优异,但在关键医疗场景中仍需更稳健方案以减少误诊。本文提出MOZART框架,一种集成学习方法,通过训练InceptionV3、Xception和ResNet50三种架构,在包含3,616例新冠与3,616例健康图像的平衡数据集上进行独立预处理(输入归一化至-1到1范围),按70%训练、20%验证、10%测试划分。各模型预测结果输入浅层神经网络生成最终决策。实验表明,MOZART及其子版本MOZART1(侧重降低假阳性)与MOZART2(侧重降低假阴性)在关键指标上优于单个CNN模型,分别达到99.17%准确率与99.16% F1分数。该框架显著提升AI医学影像可靠性,值得进一步应用于其他肺部疾病检测。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

COVID-19, has led to a global pandemic that strained the healthcare systems. Early and accurate detection is crucial for controlling the spread of the virus. While reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test is the gold standard for diagnosis, it's limited availability, long processing times and extremely high false negative rate, have prompted the exploration of alternative methods. Chest Xray imaging has emerged as a valuable, non invasive tool for identifying COVID-19 related lung abnormalities. Traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve impressive accuracy, but there is a need for more robust solutions to minimize false positives and negatives in critical medical applications. Thus We introduce the MOZART framework, an ensemble learning approach that enhances the virus detection. We trained three CNN architectures InceptionV3, Xception, and ResNet50 on a balanced chest X-ray dataset of 3,616 COVID-19 and 3,616 healthy images. Each model underwent a separate preprocessing pipeline, such as normalizing inputs to a range of -1 to 1. The dataset was split into 70% for training, 20% for validation, and 10% for testing, after training the individual models, we trained a shallow neural network on the predictions and to provide a us with the final predictions. Our results show that the MOZART framework with it's sub-experiments MOZART1 and MOZART2 outperforms individual CNN models in key metrics. It achieved an accuracy of 99.17% and an F1 score of 99.16%. MOZART1 excels at minimizing false positives, while MOZART2 is better for reducing false negatives. This work suggests that the MOZART framework can improve reliability in AI-driven medical imaging tasks and should be explored further for other lung diseases.

新冠检测医学影像集成学习深度学习

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