用隐式规划提升复杂任务的泛化能力,解决长时序依赖难题。
Generalization of Compositional Tasks with Logical Specification via Implicit Planning
- 通过图神经网络在潜空间进行隐式规划,选择下一步子任务
- 多步回报引导低层策略,显著提升长期任务最优性
- 适用于需组合多个子任务的复杂长时序场景
本文针对由逻辑规范定义的组合任务,提出一种新的分层强化学习框架以提升策略的泛化能力。这类任务包含多个时序延续的子任务,由于子任务间依赖关系及长时程任务中的稀疏奖励问题,现有方法如任务条件和目标条件策略仍存在收敛慢、泛化性能差的问题。为此,我们设计了一种专用于组合任务泛化的隐式规划器:在高层,该规划器学习一个潜在转移模型,并利用图神经网络在潜空间中进行规划,选择下一子任务并估计完成剩余任务的多步回报;该回报指导底层智能体处理长时序任务,同时考虑未来子任务依赖,提升策略最优性。实验表明,该框架在效率与最优性方面均优于先前方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In this study, we address the challenge of learning generalizable policies for compositional tasks defined by logical specifications. These tasks consist of multiple temporally extended sub-tasks. Due to the sub-task inter-dependencies and sparse reward issue in long-horizon tasks, existing reinforcement learning (RL) approaches, such as task-conditioned and goal-conditioned policies, continue to struggle with slow convergence and sub-optimal performance in generalizing to compositional tasks. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a new hierarchical RL framework that enhances the efficiency and optimality of task generalization. At the high level, we present an implicit planner specifically designed for generalizing compositional tasks. This planner selects the next sub-task and estimates the multi-step return for completing the remaining task to complete from the current state. It learns a latent transition model and performs planning in the latent space by using a graph neural network (GNN). Subsequently, the high-level planner's selected sub-task guides the low-level agent to effectively handle long-horizon tasks, while the multi-step return encourages the low-level policy to account for future sub-task dependencies, enhancing its optimality. We conduct comprehensive experiments to demonstrate the framework's advantages over previous methods in terms of both efficiency and optimality.
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