arXiv:2410.11065cs.LG2024-10被引 1

用时间序列生成新视角,提升核聚变中等离子体失稳预测模型泛化能力。

Time Series Viewmakers for Robust Disruption Prediction

  • 设计新型时间序列视图生成网络,动态创建训练数据的多样增强版本。
  • 在DisruptionBench上提升AUC与F2分数,验证了模型鲁棒性改善。
  • 适合从事核聚变智能预警、机器学习泛化研究的团队参考。

机器学习引导的数据增强可助力物理科学中的技术发展,如核聚变托卡马克。本文致力于解决破坏性事件(即可能造成严重损害的等离子体不稳定性)检测问题,这类事件影响托卡马克运行的可靠性与效率。尽管机器学习预测模型在特定托卡马克上表现出潜力,但其泛化能力常受限于不同装置的特性与动态差异。这成为融合技术规模化应用的关键障碍。鉴于数据增强在其他领域提升模型鲁棒性与泛化性的成功经验,本研究探索使用一种新型时间序列视图生成网络,为训练数据生成多样化增强样本。实验表明,在训练中引入这些视图后,相比标准或无增强方法,模型在DisruptionBench任务上的AUC和F2得分均有所提升。该方法为开发更广泛适用的失稳避免机器学习模型提供了有前景的路径,对推进融合技术、最终实现可持续能源以应对气候变化具有重要意义。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Machine Learning guided data augmentation may support the development of technologies in the physical sciences, such as nuclear fusion tokamaks. Here we endeavor to study the problem of detecting disruptions i.e. plasma instabilities that can cause significant damages, impairing the reliability and efficiency required for their real world viability. Machine learning (ML) prediction models have shown promise in detecting disruptions for specific tokamaks, but they often struggle in generalizing to the diverse characteristics and dynamics of different machines. This limits the effectiveness of ML models across different tokamak designs and operating conditions, which is a critical barrier to scaling fusion technology. Given the success of data augmentation in improving model robustness and generalizability in other fields, this study explores the use of a novel time series viewmaker network to generate diverse augmentations or "views" of training data. Our results show that incorporating views during training improves AUC and F2 scores on DisruptionBench tasks compared to standard or no augmentations. This approach represents a promising step towards developing more broadly applicable ML models for disruption avoidance, which is essential for advancing fusion technology and, ultimately, addressing climate change through reliable and sustainable energy production.

核聚变时序预测数据增强

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。