通过多智能体协作实现医疗意图精准融合,减少幻觉提升诊断推理能力。
MedAide: Information Fusion and Anatomy of Medical Intents via LLM-based Agent Collaboration
- 分步解析复杂医嘱,用语法约束与检索增强生成构建结构化信息
- 动态匹配意图原型,支持多轮对话中意图的自适应更新
- 智能体角色轮换+决策级融合,提升跨领域医疗推理准确性
在医疗智能领域,融合来自不同临床来源的异构、多意图信息是构建可靠决策系统的关键。当前基于大语言模型的交互系统虽具潜力,但在处理复杂医疗意图时常出现信息冗余与耦合,导致严重幻觉和性能瓶颈。为此,我们提出MedAide,一种基于LLM的医疗多智能体协作框架,旨在实现意图感知的信息融合与跨专业领域的协同推理。具体而言,我们设计了一种正则化引导模块,结合语法约束与检索增强生成,将复杂查询分解为结构化表示,促进细粒度临床信息融合与意图解析。此外,提出动态意图原型匹配模块,利用动态原型表征与语义相似性匹配机制,实现多轮医疗对话中智能体意图的自适应识别与更新。最终,设计旋转式智能体协作机制,引入动态角色轮换与决策级信息融合,增强专业化医疗智能体间的协同。在四个包含复合意图的医学基准上进行大量实验,自动评估指标与专家医生评价均表明,MedAide显著优于现有LLM,提升了其医学专业能力与策略推理水平。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In healthcare intelligence, the ability to fuse heterogeneous, multi-intent information from diverse clinical sources is fundamental to building reliable decision-making systems. Large Language Model (LLM)-driven information interaction systems currently showing potential promise in the healthcare domain. Nevertheless, they often suffer from information redundancy and coupling when dealing with complex medical intents, leading to severe hallucinations and performance bottlenecks. To this end, we propose MedAide, an LLM-based medical multi-agent collaboration framework designed to enable intent-aware information fusion and coordinated reasoning across specialized healthcare domains. Specifically, we introduce a regularization-guided module that combines syntactic constraints with retrieval augmented generation to decompose complex queries into structured representations, facilitating fine-grained clinical information fusion and intent resolution. Additionally, a dynamic intent prototype matching module is proposed to utilize dynamic prototype representation with a semantic similarity matching mechanism to achieve adaptive recognition and updating of the agent's intent in multi-round healthcare dialogues. Ultimately, we design a rotation agent collaboration mechanism that introduces dynamic role rotation and decision-level information fusion across specialized medical agents. Extensive experiments are conducted on four medical benchmarks with composite intents. Experimental results from automated metrics and expert doctor evaluations show that MedAide outperforms current LLMs and improves their medical proficiency and strategic reasoning.
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