arXiv:2410.13081cs.ROcs.SY2024-10被引 2

用旋转变向的无人机快速定位射频源,省去传统旋转测量时间。

GyroCopter: Differential Bearing Measuring Trajectory Planner for Tracking and Localizing Radio Frequency Sources

  • 利用飞行器自身旋转产生伪方向测量,无需额外硬件。
  • 实测与仿真验证可高效追踪多个射频信号源。
  • 适合低成本、轻量化无人机在搜救等场景快速部署。

自主飞行器可为射频(RF)源追踪与定位提供高效方案,应用于野生动物保护、搜救等任务。现有基于单天线接收机的轻量级、低成本方法需原地旋转,导致测量耗时长,限制可搜索区域和测量次数。本文提出GyroCopter系统,通过规划多旋翼无人机轨迹,利用飞行动力学执行恒定旋转运动,生成“伪方向”测量以追踪射频源。该旋转变向伪方向方法:一)显著降低原地旋转带来的限制;二)充分利用信号强度测量硬件的简易性、低成本与轻量化特性估算方向。相比其他伪方向方法,本方案无需额外硬件,保持了系统简洁性、轻便性与经济性。为验证方法有效性,我们确定了最优旋转速度,并通过大量仿真与实地飞行任务,成功追踪并定位多个射频源。结果证实该方法有效,具备作为实用、快速射频源定位解决方案的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Autonomous aerial vehicles can provide efficient and effective solutions for radio frequency (RF) source tracking and localizing problems with applications ranging from wildlife conservation to search and rescue operations. Existing lightweight, low-cost, bearing measurements-based methods with a single antenna-receiver sensor system configurations necessitate in situ rotations, leading to substantial measurement acquisition times restricting searchable areas and number of measurements. We propose a GyroCopter for the task. Our approach plans the trajectory of a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) whilst utilizing UAV flight dynamics to execute a constant gyration motion to derive "pseudo-bearing" measurements to track RF sources. The gyration-based pseudo-bearing approach: i) significantly reduces the limitations associated with in situ rotation bearing; while ii) capitalizing on the simplicity, affordability, and lightweight nature of signal strength measurement acquisition hardware to estimate bearings. This method distinguishes itself from other pseudo-bearing approaches by eliminating the need for additional hardware to maintain simplicity, lightweightness and cost-effectiveness. To validate our approach, we derived the optimal rotation speed and conducted extensive simulations and field missions with our GyroCopter to track and localize multiple RF sources. The results confirm the effectiveness of our method, highlighting its potential as a practical and rapid solution for RF source localization tasks.

无人机射频定位轨迹规划轻量化

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