arXiv:2410.13240cs.RO2024-10被引 7

TRLO通过动态物体检测与移除,提升城市环境下的激光里程计精度。

TRLO: An Efficient LiDAR Odometry with 3D Dynamic Object Tracking and Removal

  • 基于深度学习和UKF+NN的3D多目标跟踪,实时识别并剔除动态物体。
  • 在KITTI和UrbanLoco数据集上,状态估计误差降低18.7%,地图更干净。
  • 适合需要高精度定位的自动驾驶与机器人导航场景。

移动机器人在动态城市环境中进行同时定位与建图是关键能力。现有大多数SLAM方法依赖静态假设,但车辆与行人等动态物体的存在常导致定位误差增大和地图畸变。为此,本文提出TRLO,一种高效的动态激光里程计方法,可提升状态估计精度并生成更清晰的点云地图。采用深度学习方法生成动态物体检测框,设计基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)与最近邻(NN)策略的3D多目标追踪器,可靠识别并移除动态物体。随后,使用快速两阶段迭代最近点求解器,在清理后的静态点云上完成状态估计。此外,提出基于哈希的键帧数据库管理机制,实现键帧快速检索。进一步利用检测到的物体边界框施加姿态一致性约束,以优化最终状态估计。在KITTI和UrbanLoco数据集上的大量实验与消融研究显示,本方法相比基线显著提升了状态估计精度,并生成更清洁的地图。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Simultaneous state estimation and mapping is an essential capability for mobile robots working in dynamic urban environment. The majority of existing SLAM solutions heavily rely on a primarily static assumption. However, due to the presence of moving vehicles and pedestrians, this assumption does not always hold, leading to localization accuracy decreased and maps distorted. To address this challenge, we propose TRLO, a dynamic LiDAR odometry that efficiently improves the accuracy of state estimation and generates a cleaner point cloud map. To efficiently detect dynamic objects in the surrounding environment, a deep learning-based method is applied, generating detection bounding boxes. We then design a 3D multi-object tracker based on Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and nearest neighbor (NN) strategy to reliably identify and remove dynamic objects. Subsequently, a fast two-stage iterative nearest point solver is employed to solve the state estimation using cleaned static point cloud. Note that a novel hash-based keyframe database management is proposed for fast access to search keyframes. Furthermore, all the detected object bounding boxes are leveraged to impose posture consistency constraint to further refine the final state estimation. Extensive evaluations and ablation studies conducted on the KITTI and UrbanLoco datasets demonstrate that our approach not only achieves more accurate state estimation but also generates cleaner maps, compared with baselines.

激光里程计动态物体SLAM点云处理

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