AI正重塑全球治理权力格局，催生公私共治与博弈新态势
AI, Global Governance, and Digital Sovereignty
- 构建政府与企业权力三维度模型：工具、结构、话语权
- 数字主权既在制度上争夺控制权，也在实践中培育能力
- 适合关注国际关系与科技治理的学者阅读
本文探讨人工智能系统如何日益融入国际事务，影响全球治理主体行使权力并追求数字主权。首先提出一个分类框架，涵盖政府与企业在暴力、市场、权利领域中利用人工智能获取工具性、结构性和话语性权力的多重收益。接着，结合制度与实践视角分析数字主权在人工智能赋能的全球治理中的复杂体现：国家既在制度层面寻求对人工智能基础设施的主权控制，也在实践层面通过这些基础设施建立主权能力。总体而言，人工智能的数字主权博弈根植于公共与私人权力的交织关系。我们不认为技术公司将取代国家，而是主张人工智能将嵌入全球治理，形成公共与私人之间的合作与竞争并存的双重动态。最后，展望国际关系研究中人工智能与全球治理交叉方向的未来路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This essay examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are becoming more integral to international affairs by affecting how global governors exert power and pursue digital sovereignty. We first introduce a taxonomy of multifaceted AI payoffs for governments and corporations related to instrumental, structural, and discursive power in the domains of violence, markets, and rights. We next leverage different institutional and practice perspectives on sovereignty to assess how digital sovereignty is variously implicated in AI-empowered global governance. States both seek sovereign control over AI infrastructures in the institutional approach, while establishing sovereign competence through AI infrastructures in the practice approach. Overall, we present the digital sovereignty stakes of AI as related to entanglements of public and private power. Rather than foreseeing technology companies as replacing states, we argue that AI systems will embed in global governance to create dueling dynamics of public/private cooperation and contestation. We conclude with sketching future directions for IR research on AI and global governance.
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