只学关键数据点,让模型学得更快更牢
Continual Learning on a Data Diet
- 从数据中挑选重要样本进行学习,而非全量训练
- 提升新任务准确率,更好记住旧知识,优化表征质量
- 适合关注效率与长期记忆的持续学习研究者
持续学习方法通常使用全部可用数据进行训练,但人类认知会聚焦于关键经验而忽略冗余信息。同样,并非所有数据点都具有同等价值,其质量与数量直接影响模型的泛化能力与效率。受此启发,我们探索仅从重要样本中学习的潜力,开展了一项关于核心数据集选择技术在持续学习中应用的实证研究,以推动该未充分探索领域的发展。我们在不同数量的精选样本上训练多种持续学习模型,通过分析学习-遗忘动态,揭示其提升稳定性-可塑性平衡的内在机制。研究发现:仅学习精选样本(i)能提高增量准确率,(ii)增强对先前任务的知识保留能力,(iii)优化所学表征。该分析深化了对持续学习中选择性学习策略的理解。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Continual Learning (CL) methods usually learn from all available data. However, this is not the case in human cognition which efficiently focuses on key experiences while disregarding the redundant information. Similarly, not all data points in a dataset have equal potential; some can be more informative than others. This disparity may significantly impact the performance, as both the quality and quantity of samples directly influence the model's generalizability and efficiency. Drawing inspiration from this, we explore the potential of learning from important samples and present an empirical study for evaluating coreset selection techniques in the context of CL to stimulate research in this unexplored area. We train different continual learners on increasing amounts of selected samples and investigate the learning-forgetting dynamics by shedding light on the underlying mechanisms driving their improved stability-plasticity balance. We present several significant observations: learning from selectively chosen samples (i) enhances incremental accuracy, (ii) improves knowledge retention of previous tasks, and (iii) refines learned representations. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of selective learning strategies in CL scenarios.
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