用平板屏幕记录手写,机器学习可准确识别书写障碍儿童。
Assessment of Developmental Dysgraphia Utilising a Display Tablet
- 通过平板屏幕采集手写数据,用梯度提升算法分析
- 诊断准确率达83.6%,主观量表估计误差仅10.34%
- 适合教育评估、临床筛查及自闭症儿童书写研究
尽管基于触控板的在线手写分析在发育性书写字障碍(DD)评估中日益流行,但多数方案仍需儿童在固定于数字板的纸上用笔书写,难以自主操作。本研究旨在探讨是否可通过显示屏幕式平板记录的手写数据实现对DD的有效评估。研究纳入144名小学三年级和四年级学生,由特殊教育顾问评估书写能力,并自行填写《儿童书写能力筛查问卷》(HPSQ C)。基于梯度提升算法的机器学习模型实现了高达83.6%的诊断准确率,且对HPSQ C总分的预测误差最小达10.34%。结果显示,有DD的儿童空中停留时间更长,提笔次数更多,着纸笔画高度更大,空中书写速度更慢,角度速度波动更高。研究证实显示屏幕平板具备评估潜力,但也指出主观评分建模难度大,亟需更复杂的数据驱动量化方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Even though the computerised assessment of developmental dysgraphia (DD) based on online handwriting processing has increasing popularity, most of the solutions are based on a setup, where a child writes on a paper fixed to a digitizing tablet that is connected to a computer. Although this approach enables the standard way of writing using an inking pen, it is difficult to be administered by children themselves. The main goal of this study is thus to explore, whether the quantitative analysis of online handwriting recorded via a display screen tablet could sufficiently support the assessment of DD as well. For the purpose of this study, we enrolled 144 children (attending the 3rd and 4th class of a primary school), whose handwriting proficiency was assessed by a special education counsellor, and who assessed themselves by the Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaires for Children (HPSQ C). Using machine learning models based on a gradient-boosting algorithm, we were able to support the DD diagnosis with up to 83.6% accuracy. The HPSQ C total score was estimated with a minimum error equal to 10.34 %. Children with DD spent significantly higher time in-air, they had a higher number of pen elevations, a bigger height of on-surface strokes, a lower in-air tempo, and a higher variation in the angular velocity. Although this study shows a promising impact of DD assessment via display tablets, it also accents the fact that modelling of subjective scores is challenging and a complex and data-driven quantification of DD manifestations is needed.
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