提出一种新型群集操控技术,提升虚拟现实中多对象操作的效率与精度。
Swarm manipulation: An efficient and accurate technique for multi-object manipulation in virtual reality
- 基于群集控制思想设计新型交互方式,利用虚拟现实克服硬件限制。
- 用户测试显示,多数任务中操作速度显著提升,缩放误差明显降低。
- 适合需要高效多物体操作的VR应用,如工业仿真或虚拟协作场景。
群体控制理论在多物体操控中展现出潜力,但其可扩展性受限于硬件与基础设施成本。虚拟现实(VR)可突破这些限制,但现有研究对VR中群体交互的关注较少。本文提出一种新型群集操控交互技术,并与两种基线方法——虚拟手和控制器(射线投射)进行对比。我们在一项用户研究(N = 12)中评估了三种技术在三个任务(选择、旋转、缩放)下的表现,共涵盖五个条件。结果表明,群集操控在多数条件下显著提升了操作速度,尤其在缩放任务中大幅降低了尺寸偏差;但在旋转任务中存在速度与精度之间的权衡。此外,通过后续用户研究(N = 6)在两个复杂VR场景中使用该技术,并结合半结构化访谈,揭示了优化群集控制机制的关键因素及该交互范式带来的感知变化。这些结果表明,群集操控技术相比传统方法显著提升了VR中的可用性与用户体验。未来工作将聚焦于通过内部粒子协作机制进一步理解并改进群集交互。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The theory of swarm control shows promise for controlling multiple objects, however, scalability is hindered by cost constraints, such as hardware and infrastructure. Virtual Reality (VR) can overcome these limitations, but research on swarm interaction in VR is limited. This paper introduces a novel Swarm Manipulation interaction technique and compares it with two baseline techniques: Virtual Hand and Controller (ray-casting). We evaluated these techniques in a user study ($N$ = 12) in three tasks (selection, rotation, and resizing) across five conditions. Our results indicate that Swarm Manipulation yielded superior performance, with significantly faster speeds in most conditions across the three tasks. It notably reduced resizing size deviations but introduced a trade-off between speed and accuracy in the rotation task. Additionally, we conducted a follow-up user study ($N$ = 6) using Swarm Manipulation in two complex VR scenarios and obtained insights through semi-structured interviews, shedding light on optimized swarm control mechanisms and perceptual changes induced by this interaction paradigm. These results demonstrate the potential of the Swarm Manipulation technique to enhance the usability and user experience in VR compared to conventional manipulation techniques. In future studies, we aim to understand and improve swarm interaction via internal swarm particle cooperation.
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