arXiv:2410.19240cs.RO2024-10被引 2

发现微型电空气动推进器靠近天花板时效率提升600%,源于新型静电吸附效应。

Empirical Study of Ceiling Proximity Effects and Electrostatic Adhesion for Small-scale Electroaerodynamic Thrusters

  • 通过实验分离出靠近天花板时的静电与气动分量,揭示新效应机制。
  • 在特定距离下,推力效率最高提升600%,且不同材料影响显著。
  • 加装进口气环可大幅增强力,适合设计自持飞行或停靠装置。

电空气动推进依靠离子加速后与中性空气分子碰撞传递动量,因其静音、无运动部件,是微小型飞行器的潜在推进方案。然而其效率较低,限制了自主供电飞行器的应用。靠近固定表面运行可能带来效率提升,但该效应在电空气动推进中尚未研究。本文首次系统研究厘米级推进器靠近“天花板”平面时的性能变化。发现一种此前未报道的显著静电吸引效应——由稳定大气等离子体介导,类似电粘附压力。通过改变距离和材料,分离出静电与流体动力分量。结果表明,加装进口气环可极大增强两种力分量。最远效率提升达600%。该研究为实现自主飞行延长续航,或作为着陆机制提供新路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Electroaerodynamic propulsion, where force is produced via the momentum-transferring collisions between accelerated ions and neutral air molecules, is a promising alternative mechanism for flight at the micro air vehicle scale due to its silent and solid-state nature. Its relatively low efficiency, however, has thus far precluded its use in a power-autonomous vehicle; leveraging the efficiency benefits of operation close to a fixed surface is a potential solution. While proximity effects like the ground and ceiling effects have been well-investigated for rotorcraft and flapping wing micro air vehicles, they have not been for electroaerodynamically-propelled fliers. In this work, we investigate the change in performance when centimeter-scale thrusters are operated close to a "ceiling" plane about the inlet. We show a surprising and, until now, unreported effect; a major electrostatic attractive component, analogous to electroadhesive pressure but instead mediated by a stable atmospheric plasma. The isolated electrostatic and fluid dynamic components of the ceiling effect are shown for different distances from the plane and for different materials. We further show that a flange attached to the inlet can vastly increase both components of force. A peak efficiency improvement of 600% is shown close to the ceiling. This work points the way towards effective use of the ceiling effect for power autonomous vehicles, extending flight duration, or as a perching mechanism.

电空气动微型飞行器推进效率静电吸附

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